FP420/AFP Timing Two types of Cerenkov detector are employed: QUARTIC – two QUARTIC detectors each with 4 rows of 8 fused silica bar allowing up to a 4-fold improvement over the single bar 40 ps measurement GASTOF – a gas Cerenkov detector that makes a single 10 ps measurement Both detectors use Micro Channel Plate PMTs (MCP-PMTs) 17/17/2009Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim Andrew Brandt (University of Texas, Arlington)

Overall ATLAS Timing Project Goals 1) Develop, fund, build, and install a fast timing detector system capable of <20 ps measurement in early ) Develop, fund, build, and install a fast timing detector system capable of <10 ps measurement and operation at high luminosity in early 2013 (this adds rate, lifetime, and multiple proton timing concerns) Note to Mike: For AFP (220 m +420 m detectors) need to time all protons in event over a 25 mm x 25 mm area! (if only doing 420 m, area is smaller and multiple proton timing is less important) 7/17/2009Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim2

Simulation Goals 1) Produce an accurate simulation of timing detectors for detector development 2) Include a baseline detector in full simulation for studies of background in detector 3) Focus and coordinate effort where possible to minimize duplication of effort and maximize usefulness 7/17/2009Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim3

Simulation Organization On the ATLAS side the overall software coordinator is Mario Campanelli. Anatoli Astvatsatourov will be coordinating the ATLAS timing detector simulation effort. I am hoping to fade into the background and have Anatoli take over running these meetings and get back to detector development after kick starting this effort. If CMS would like to propose a counterpart to Anatoli to help coordinate this effort, please do. 7/17/2009Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim4

Detector Design Tools 1) Imagination 2) Ray tracing simulation (custom or Cyber Ray) 3) GEANT Simulation 4) Laser test stand 5) Test beam 7/17/2009Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim5

UTA Ray Tracing Simulation of QUARTIC 15 mm bar/75 mm aluminized air light guide 20 ps ~ 5 pe’s accepted in 20 ps 7/17/20096Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim

QUARTIC 90 mm bar/0 mm guide 40 ps ~ 10 pe’s accepted in 40 ps 7/17/20097Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim

2008 QUARTIC Prototype Testing long bars 90 mm (HE to HH) and mini bars 15 mm (HA to HD) Long bars more light from total internal reflection vs. losses from reflection in air light guide, but more time dispersion due to n( ) HE HH HC Note: prior to June 2008 test beam, results marginal for QUARTIC 15mm bar: 80 ps/bar 80% efficient; allows you to reach close to 20 ps, but not 10 ps 7/17/20098Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim

Dt QUARTIC Timing 2008 CERN TB 56.6/1.4=40 ps/bar including CFD! Time difference between two 9 cm quartz bars after Louvain constant fraction discrimination is 56 ps, implies a single bar resolution of 40 ps for about 10 pe’s (expected 10 pe’s from simulations). N pe =(area/rms) 2 9

10 FNAL Beam tests give ps resolution from Quartz bar, this is consistent with CERN TB results ~40 ps total for bar +Burle MCP-PMT combined with UTA Laser tests which show ~30 ps from Burle MCP-PMT. (30+30=40!) C B A Includes electronics (~3 ps) and 2 mm beam width smear (A,B) Δt = 2 mm x (10 ps/2 mm)

Questions that simulation combined with laser/test beam can address How many accepted pe’s as a function of bar cross section area, length, and angle Time and wavelength distribution of pe’s What photocathode is optimal Is filtering light in a certain wavelength range beneficial Can we use quartz fibers, or some other lower index fiber instead of quartz bars—could improve binning and rate/lifetime issues, lead to other designs How do different MCP-PMT’s respond to light that arrives at different times (UTA laser guys are working on this as we speak) 7/17/2009Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim11

Conclusions Simulation is important-lets get coordinated Better to simulate first and build later (often we get this backwards) Combining simulation with laser and test beam efforts would optimize fast timing effort 7/17/2009Andrew Brandt (UTA) FP420 Tim Sim12