Narrator  Narrator: Anyone who recounts a narrative, either in writing or orally.  First Person narrator: uses I, can be unreliable showing bias toward his/her subject  Second Person narrator: uses YOU

Narrator  Third Person Omniscient narrator: all knowing, not restricted to time, place, or character, and free to move and to comment at will.  Third Person limited narrator: uses HE/SHE restricting information to what the character sees, hears, feels, and thinks.  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Characterization  The explicit presentation by the author of the character through exposition (what he/she looks like, acts like), presentation (how he/she behaves) or representation (what he/she says or what others say about them)  PROTAGONIST: ?  ANTAGONIST: ?  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Setting The physical and sometimes, spiritual, background against which the action of a narrative takes place  Geographic location  Occupations and daily manner of the characters  Time period in which the action takes place  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Connotation  The emotional implication that words may carry. Connotations are private and personal, the result of experiences; may be group held; or universally held by most people.  Opposite: DENOTATION

Imagery  Imagery: visually descriptive or figurative language, esp. in a literary work  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Allusion  An expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference : an allusion to Shakespeare is a classical allusion.  the practice of making such references, esp. as an artistic device.  Literary allusion  Cultural Allusion:  Classical Allusion  Biblical Allusion

Pathetic Fallacy  The attribution of human feelings and responses to inanimate things or animals, esp. in art and literature.  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Conflict  Conflict: The struggle that grows out of the interplay of two opposing forces in a plot.  Internal Conflict: Struggle within oneself.  External conflict: struggle against nature, another person, or society  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Dramatic Irony  A point when the reader knows more about the situation than the characters in the story  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Stream of Consciousness  A narrative mode that seeks to portray an individual's point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character's thought processes, either in a loose interior monologue, or in connection to his or her actions.  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Flashback AAn interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point the story has reached. Flashbacks are often used to recount events that happened prior to the story’s primary sequence of events or to fill in crucial backstory. GGatsby: LLiterature Circle Novel:

Symbolism  Iconic representations that carry particular conventional meanings.  Gatsby:  Literature Circle Novel:

Narrative Structure Exposition Rising Action Climax Falling Action Resolution

Poetic Devices  Simile: figure of speech comparing two unlike things, often introduced with the word "like" or ”as.”  Metaphor: language that directly compares seemingly unrelated subjects. It is a figure of speech that compares two or more things not using like or as.  Assonance: repetition of vowel sounds to create internal rhyming within phrases or sentences  Consonance: repetition of consonant sounds to create rhyming at the end of phrases or sentences  Alliteration: the repeated occurrence of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words in the same phrase.  Diction: the speaker's distinctive vocabulary choices and style of expression  Personification: metaphor in which a thing or abstraction is represented as a person.