Dr. Janet Sio 邵婉瑜 IELTS Preparatory Course: Listening and Spoken English Fujian Normal University Nature and the Environment

Tongue Twister Review Betty Botter bought a bit of bitter butter Which made her batter bitter But a bit of better butter Makes better batter So Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter Making her bitter batter better. FNU Language Enhancement

RL pronunciation and practice gillgirl willwhirl hillhurl twilltwirl woolworld cullcurl 1. Those are some funny girls. 2. We sure live in an interesting world. 3. That company finds some of the biggest pearls. 4. The wind was so loud it sounded like a whirlwind.

RL review Part 1: Which do you hear? a. twirlb. twill a. woolb. world a.girlb. gill a. hurlb. hill Part 2: Do you hear L or RL?

Types of Pollution air pollution water pollution litter/solid waste pollution noise pollution

Types of Pollution air pollution (car exhaust, coal dust, sand, smoking, carbon emissions) water pollution (industrial waste, sewage, acid rain) litter/solid waste pollution (plastic bags, styrofoam boxes, disposable chopsticks, landfill) noise pollution (traffic, construction) greenhouse effect/global warming ( 温室效应, 全球变暖 )

Video: R-E-C-Y-C-L-E R-E-S-P-E-C-T

Compost

What is sustainability? ( 可持续 ) “the capacity and ability to support, maintain or endure”

What is a sustainable society? A sustainable society is one which: can provide for and manage its population and economy now, while maintaining an environment that will be healthy for future generations.

A sustainable society must… provide all of its people with enough good food and shelter, clean water and air. Shanghai skyline

A sustainable society must… meet the needs of its people without destroying the earth’s Natural Capital. Wu Yi Mountains

Capital? Natural? Natural Capital?

Autumn Maple Trees, Toronto Summer Banyan Trees, Fuzhou

Natural Capital Resources Resources are anything obtained from the environment to meet plant, animal and human needs. Primary resources are: air, water, soil, energy and minerals.

Resources: Perpetual and Renewable Perpetual: renewed continuously on a human scale Changjiang Ao Windfarm, Pingtan

Resources: Perpetual and Renewable Renewable: can be replenished fairly quickly on a human scale Christmas tree farm

Resources: Non-renewable Non-renewable: exist in essentially fixed quantities on the earth; Open pit mine, Australia

Natural Capital Resources Perpetual Renewable Non-Renewable Using the following photographs, state which kind of resource each of these are: Solar Power: perpetual Coal: non renewable

Natural Capital Resources Perpetual Renewable Non-Renewable Wind Power: perpetual Forests: renewable Oil: non-renewable

Natural Capital Resources Perpetual Renewable Non-Renewable Hydro power: renewable Geothermal: perpetual Natural gas: non-renewable

Sustainable living Humans are the only species on earth to deplete and waste natural capital (no such thing as “waste” in nature!) Sustainable living does not use non- renewable resources. Sustainable living uses renewable resources only at the rate at which they can be replaced.

Use “sustainable” or “sustainability” in a sentence FNU Language Enhancement

“Too many/much and not enough” Pollution type CauseSolutions AirToo much/many ____ and not enough ____ should verb more/less Water Solid Waste Noise Acid rain Greenhouse effect

Tiger Leaping Gorge: “Waking the Green Tiger”

Chinese Environmental Organizations Global Village Beijing:

Green Earth Volunteers:

Green Watershed:

China Environmental Protection Foundation 曲 格平 (Qu GePing, Former Environment Protection Minister of China)

THE DIRECTORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS & ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES IN CHINA

Project #2 Score sheet Trip Description (12)Hometowns(6)Directions (7) Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Q.1Q.2Q.3Q.4Q.5Q #Q.1Q.2Q.3Q #PrepPronunClarity