LARGEST & FASTEST GROWING INDUSTRY

HOSPITALS Acute care facility Focus on critical needs of patient Average length of stay 4.8 days Classified by type and funding

HOSPITALS BY TYPE GENERAL –treat wide range of conditions and age group, usually provide diagnostic, medical, surgical, and emergency services SPECIALTY--care for certain conditions or age groups EX: burn, oncology, cancer, pediatric, psychiatric, women GOVERNMENT--operated by state, federal, and local governments EX: veterans hospital, state psychiatric hospital, state rehabilitation centers UNIVERSITY--provide services, research, education

HOSPITALS BY FUNDING PUBLIC—non-profit financed by local, state or national agencies, receive tax exemptions & must provide community benefit FOR-PROFIT—no tax exemptions, not required to provide community benefit PRIVATE—could be for-profit or non-profit, operated by churches, corporations & charitable organizations

SUBACUTE CARE FACILITIES Cares for patients with complex medical & rehabilitative needs Fills the gap between hospital & rehab Typically 25 – 50% less expensive than hospital

EXTENDED CARE FACILITIES Provide health care & help with activities of daily living People often physically or mentally unable to care for themselves Includes: nursing homes, residential institutions for mentally or physically disabled, independent-living and assisted living Numbers have increased greatly “aging in place”

INDEPENDENT AND ASSISTED LIVING INDEPENDENT-LIVING Apartments or houses for residents who can take care of themselves, may need help with some daily activities Cost vary and could be based on income ASSISTED LIVING Provides housing, group meals, personal care, support services, social activities Costs range from $ $ / month

HOME HEALTH CARE AGENCIES One of most rapidly growing areas of health care Care in patient’s home Factors related to growth Health care reimbursement practices Increase in older patients with chronic illnesses Sophisticated technology

REHABILITATION CENTERS Specialize in services Physical, emotional, chemical dependency Goal is to return patients as independent members of society

MENTAL HEALTH FACILITIES Provide services for people in crisis or needing long- term counseling Do outpatient care 24-hour services & hotlines

HOSPICE Care program focused on reducing pain, symptoms & stress during last stages of terminal illnesses Provide physical, psychological, social, & spiritual care for dying persons, families, & loved ones Mostly done in home

VOLUNTEER AGENCIES Often non-profit Financed by private donations, grants or fundraisers Ex. American Heart Association, Meals on Wheels

PHYSICIAN & DENTAL FACILITIES Care that promotes wellness & diagnosis of illness Could include simple surgery, bone setting, counseling, & administration of drugs

HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION (HMO) Stress wellness & preventive health care Provide total health care directed toward preventive care for a fee that is usually fixed and prepaid Services include examinations, hospitalization, education May be operated by large industries, private organizations and use the services of other health care facilities

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH CARE CENTER Located in large industries or companies Provide health care for employees Services include basic exams, emergency care, safety

SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES Found in schools and colleges Services provided are emergency care, sudden illness, speech, vision, counseling School based health clinics provide a broader spectrum of services such as immunizations, diagnosis & treatment of illness, dental

AMBULATORY CARE/CLINICS Facilities where several physicians with different specialties combine practices Allows care for several different illnesses

GOVERNMENT AGENCIES Offered at international, national, state, and local levels Most are tax supported EX. WHO—World Health Organization International agency sponsored by United Nations to compile statistics and information on disease, and to deal with serious health problems throughout the world

MORE GOVT AGENCIES United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) Deals with health problems in U.S. Divisions: 1) National Institutes of Health (NIH) does research on disease 2) Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention studies causes, spread, and control of diseases in populations

MORE GOVT AGENCIES Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates food and drug products sold to the public Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) establishes and enforces standards that protect workers from job related injuries and illnesses State and local health departments provide immunizations, inspections, communicable disease control, education