Administering Medications through Injections

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Presentation transcript:

Administering Medications through Injections Medical Tech Prep 2 Administering Medications through Injections

Objectives Identify the types of injections administered to patients Describe the angle, site and types of medications for each type of injection Compare and contrast an ampule and a vial. Perform the following skills Intradermal injection Subcutaneous injection Intramuscular injection Intravenous injection

Types of injections Many factors determine the type of injection used Site Medication Patient age Compromised site skin, Disease process amputation

Types of injections Intradermal Commonly used for Needle size skin tests (TB) Allergy testing Needle size Fine gauge of 26 or 27 3/8 to 5/8 inches in length Angle of injection 10-15 degrees Sites used Anterior forearm Mid back Very small amount of medication is administered

Types of injections-con’t Subcutaneous not more than 2 cc of medication Needle size 25g to 27 g ½ to 5/8 inches long Angle of injection 45 degrees Sites used Arm (TRICEP area) Abdomen Upper thigh (midvastus lateralis) Common uses Insulin Allergy injections immunizations Meds of rheumatoid arthritis

Types of injections-con’t Intramuscular Made into the muscle tissue Common sites Deltoid (upper outer) Gluteus medious (upper outer portion of the hip) Ventrogluteal (lateral outside portion of the hip) Vastus lateralis (midportion of the thigh) Needle size 1-3 inches long 18-23 guage-( dependent of the substance being injected and patient size) Angle of needle 90 degrees Types of medications Pain Antinausea chemotherapy

Types of injections-con’t Intravenous Only given by a nurse of MD Medications are introduced directly into the bloodstream Needle size 1-11/2 inches 20- 21 gauge Amount a few ml to large IV drip (piggy back, primary) Types of medications Pain, Anitibiotics Vitamins hydration

Preparing the patient Calm anxiety and fears by explaining the procedure to them Don’t allow to view the needle Pediatric patients need added help to restrain Get consent-usually written Secure the site

Preparing the patient-con’t Select the site Dependent on medication Amount Painful type Size of patient Weight Muscular development Age of patient

Preparing the site Remove restrictive clothing Apply gloves Clean the site Prepare the medication Position the patient decrease muscle tightness leg/arm/=sitting down gluteal=standing or lying down

Vials and Ampules Many medications come in vial or ampule form Vial=closed lid with a stopper on the top Ampule= glass container that must be opened Medication is drawn into a syringe for administration.

Withdraw medication from a vial See procedure sheet

Give an intradermal injection See procedure sheet

Give a subcutaneous injection See procedure sheet

Give an intramuscular injection See procedure sheet

Intravenous medications