Linac Coherent Light Source Update John N Linac Coherent Light Source Update John N. Galayda, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center 5 November 2002 Overview Project Status LCLS user workshop Collaboration with TESLA Project R&D BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Overview The world’s first hard x-ray laser Unprecedented brightness, Unprecedented time resolution 0.8 – 8 keV SASE Free Electron Laser Electron beam 4.5 – 14.35 GeV, from SLAC Linac Peak power in SASE bandwidth 8 GW Peak brightness 1033 photons/(mm2 mr2 0.1%BW) Pulse duration  230 femtoseconds Pulse repetition rate 120 Hz BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

LCLS Operating Ranges BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Linac Coherent Light Source 1992: Proposal (C. Pellegrini) 1998: Preliminary Design Study Completed 1999: R&D funded at $1.5M/year 2001: CD-0 2002: Conceptual Design http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/CDR/ 2003: Project Engineering Design begins 2005: Long-Lead Procurements begin 2006: Construction begins 2007: First Light 2008: Project completion FFTB Tunnel SLAC Linac Undulator Hall Two Chicanes for bunch compression BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Conventional Construction Final Focus Test Beam Extension Hall A Tunnel Hall B BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Estimated Cost, Schedule $200M-$240M Total Estimated Cost range $245M-$295M Total Project Cost range Schedule: FY2003 Authorization to begin engineering design Emphasis on injector and undulator FY2005 Long-lead purchases for injector, undulator FY2006 Construction begins January 2007 Injector tests begin October 2007 FEL tests begin September 2008 Construction complete BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Construction Strategy 2003 – Project Engineering Design Begins $6M budget Prepare for Long-lead procurements in 2005 Undulator Gun Laser Injector Linac Systems Spring 2003 – review of plans for long lead procurements CD-2A Go-ahead required Spring 2004 – Complete Preliminary Design of LCLS CD-2 requirements complete for entire project October 2004 – begin long-lead procurements Summer 2005 – Critical Decision 3 – Approve start of construction Winter 2007 – Begin FEL commissioning October 2008 – Project Complete BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Preliminary Schedule CD-0 CD-1 CD-2b CD-3b CD-2a CD-3a FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 Design 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 FY2008 FY2009 Construction Operation CD-3a Critical Decision 0 – Mission Need June 13, 2001 Critical Decision 1 – Preliminary Baseline Range September 2002 Start Project Engineering Design October 2002 Critical Decision 2a – Long-Lead Procurement Budget Spring 2003 Critical Decision 2b – Performance Baseline April 2004 Critical Decision 3a – Start Long-Lead Procurements August 2004 Fund Long-Lead Procurements October 2004 Critical Decision 3b – Start Construction August 2005 Fund Construction October 2005 Construction Complete End of FY2008 BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Project Planning/Approval Status Critical Decision 1 Approved 16 October 2002 Conceptual Design is judged sound Preliminary Hazard Analysis accepted Acquisition Execution Plan accepted Preliminary Project Execution Plan accepted Project Engineering Design Funds - $6M requested in 2003 LCLS PED funds are in House and Senate Committee Markups LCLS PED is considered a New Start Allocation under the continuing resolution budget is $0 Not quite as bad as it sounds BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Workshop – Experimental Opportunities with LCLS – 8-9 October 2002 The LCLS Project is in its initial phase with a construction start scheduled for FY 2006. The DOE is planning to provide specific funding for construction of experiments after Critical Decision 3 (start of LCLS construction) has been taken, expected in mid 2005 calendar year. However, DOE will, starting in FY2003, review and fund proposals for research needed to design an LCLS experiment. The purpose of this Planning Workshop is to provide prospective LCLS researchers with the information necessary to start the experiment planning process. It will also mark the beginning of a dialog between future LCLS experimenters and the Project Team that will shape the development of the LCLS from conceptual design to running facility. 30 Attendees, including “first Experiments” co-authors Discussed Proposal/Review Sequence LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee, chaired by Roger Falcone, UCB Identification of R&D needs prerequisite to proposals Timing and related diagnostics Detectors Damage studies BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

LCLS Science Program based on the SSRL Model Experiment Proposals will be developed by leading research teams with SSRL involvement Proposals will be reviewed by the LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee Research teams secure outside funding with SSRL participation and sponsorship as appropriate SSRL will manage construction Provides cost and schedule control, rationalized design Provides basis for establishing maintenance and support infrastructure SSRL will partner with research teams to commission endstations “General user” mode with beam time allocation based on SAC recommendations BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Workshop – Experimental Opportunities with LCLS – 8-9 October 2002 Proposal sequence LCLS actions Prepare proposal guidelines Call for letters of intent Target late Spring 2003 for submission deadline LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee Review Request Pre-proposal R&D funds if necessary Proposals reviewed by SAC DOE will review/approve proposals in 2005 time frame BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

SLAC-DESY/TESLA FEL Collaboration 1 November SLAC/DESY FEL Collaboration Workshop Albrecht Hermann Ray Jonathan Wagner Schunck Orbach Dorfan Director Ministry of DOE Office Director DESY Science/Education of Science SLAC BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

SLAC-DESY/TESLA FEL Collaboration January 2000 Memorandum of Understanding SLAC-DESY-KEK FEL R&D SLAC will deliver a bunch length measurement system to TTF Expanded SLAC-DESY Collaboration, November 1 2002 Sub-Picosecond Photon Source at SLAC (SPPS) 9 kev x-rays using SLAC linac and Final Focus Test Beam 12/2002 DESY personnel will participate in commissioning 2003-2006 DESY will join in SPPS experiments TESLA Test Facility 2003-2004 SLAC personnel will participate in commissioning 2005-2006 SLAC participation in experiments to control temporal coherence LCLS 2007-2008 TESLA-XFEL Participation in tests of optics TESLA 2011—SLAC participation in TESLA-XFEL Commissioning BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Common Challenges- High Brightness Electron Sources Photocathode Laser Numerical techniques for gun design Verification with experiment Diagnostic Techniques BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Photocathode Gun R&D Gun R&D 300pC 5 10 2 head tail -1.5 -1 -0.5 0.5 1 50 100 150 Time (ps) Peak Current (A) Instantaneous Peak Current 5 10 2 Slice Emittances n (mm mrad) Slice number 300pC head tail Spectrometer Image of Slice Quad Scan Data Gun R&D BNL/SLAC/UCLA Gun has been proven as an FEL driver at BNL-ATF and ANL Basis of KEK, Frascati FEL designs Design verification at the SSRL Gun Test Facility Limborg, C. et al., “PARMELA versus Measurements for GTF and DUVFEL” Proceedings of the 2002 European Particle Accelerator Conference, Paris 3-7 June 2002, pp. 1786-1788 BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Common Challenges - Acceleration/Compression SLAC linac tunnel Undulator Hall Linac-0 L =6 m Linac-1 L =9 m Linac-2 L =330 m Linac-3 L =550 m BC-1 BC-2 L =22 m DL-2 L =66 m DL-1 L =12 m Undulator L =121.8 m 150 MeV z  0.83 mm   0.10 % 250 MeV z  0.19 mm   1.8 % 4.54 GeV z  0.023 mm   0.76 % 4.54-14.35 GeV   0.02 % ...existing linac new RF Gun 25-1a 30-8c 21-1b 21-1d X Linac-X L =0.6 m 21-3b 24-6d Beam Dump Exp Halls 1.5 Å 8 GW 15 Å 17 GW 140 MeV 500 MeV 2.5 GeV 7 MeV   0.2 % BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Common Challenge – Coherent Synchrotron Radiation bend-plane emittance growth January 14-18, 2002 at DESY-Zeuthen (Berlin, GERMANY) s DE/E = 0 Dx Chicane CSR Test-Case DE/E < 0 Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Theory Numerical computations: ANL, SLAC, TESLA, JLAB, ENEA Experiment Short, high current bunches SC-wiggler damps bunching S. Heifets, S. Krinsky, G. Stupakov, SLAC-PUB 9165, March 2002 Z. Huang, K. J. Kim, PRSTAB 5 074401(2002) E. Saldin, et al. TESLA-FEL 2002-2 (submitted to NIM) BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Definitive work in Coherent Synchrotron Radiation theory, modeling  R e– l sz coherent radiation for l > sz overtaking length: L0  (24szR2)1/3 L0 (After BC1) Theory (wig OFF) Theory (wig ON) Tracking (wig OFF) Tracking (wig ON) Z. Huang, et al. PRSTAB 5, 074401 (2002) S. Heifets, et al. SLAC-PUB-9165, 3/2002 P. Emma,2002 European Part. Accel. Conf. BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Short Bunch Diagnostics Tests Planned for TESLA, SLAC P. Emma, J. Frisch, P. Krejcik, G. Loew, X.-J. Wang 2.44 m sx RF ‘streak’ V(t) e- sz S-band Tested at SLAC Tested at TTF Added to TTF-II D  90° Initial laser chirp Polarizer Analyzer EO Crystal Bunch charge Gated spectral signal Spectrometer wl t ws I Electron bunch Co-propagating Laser pulse Beam pipe Added To SPPS BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

SASE Light Pulse length LCLS Simulation SASE light pulse shorter than electron bunch LCLS Studies ongoing re: controllability TTF x-ray pulse length data BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Common Goals – Seeding, Harmonic Generation Si monochromator (T = 40%) 230 fs 10 fs BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

News from DESY A more modest start for the TESLA XFEL Laboratory 20 GeV linac 3 FEL undulator sources 2 Spontaneous undulator sources New Technical Design Report, budget submitted to German Science Council DESY 2002-167, TDR to be released shortly More results from TTF: http://www.aps.anl.gov/fel2002/talks/talks.html J. Schulz, Coulomb Explosion of Rare Gas Clusters Irradiated by Intense VUV Pulses of a Free Electron Laser J. Krzywinski, Interaction of Intense, Femtosecond Soft X-ray Pulses with Solids: Desorption, Ablation and Plasma Formation by TTF FEL SASE Radiation BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Sub-Picosecond Pulse Source Ultrafast laser/x-ray physics - the Sub-Picosecond Photon Source The SPPS collaboration will develop experimental techniques essential to LCLS science Synchronization Short pulse diagnostics for x-ray beams Control of timing and pulse length 9 ps 0.4 ps <100 fs 50 ps SLAC Linac 1 GeV 20-50 GeV FFTB 12-meter chicane compressor 5-meter undulator Chicane installed Wiggler inside FFTB tunnel Construction of x-ray beamline underway Chicane tests November-December 2002 X-ray experiments begin May 2003 BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Horizontal Trajectory Undulator R&D LCLS Undulator Prototype Horizontal Trajectory Microns Prototype construction complete Field quality specifications met Ongoing investigation of thermal stability BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Conclusion LCLS poised to start Project Engineering Design PED for FY2003 - Preliminary design of undulator, injector – CD-2A LCLS Collaboration well-matched to LCLS challenges Accelerator science and technology Synchrotron radiation research and instrumentation Project management experience Experiment Program Planning underway, based on successful SSRL model LCLS pre-proposal R&D requests starting FY2003 Proposals for LCLS science in FY2006-FY2006 BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

Selected LCLS Baseline Design Parameters Fundamental FEL Radiation Wavelength 1.5 15 Å Electron Beam Energy 14.3 4.5 GeV Normalized RMS Slice Emittance 1.2 1.2 mm-mrad Peak Current 3.4 3.4 kA Bunch/Pulse Length (FWHM) 230 230 fs Relative Slice Energy Spread @ Entrance <0.01 0.025 % Saturation Length 87 25 m FEL Fundamental Saturation Power @ Exit 8 17 GW FEL Photons per Pulse 1.1 29 1012 Peak Brightness @ Undulator Exit 0.8 0.06 1033 * Transverse Coherence Full Full RMS Slice X-Ray Bandwidth 0.06 0.24 % RMS Projected X-Ray Bandwidth 0.13 0.47 % * photons/sec/mm2/mrad2/ 0.1%-BW BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC

End of Presentation BESAC Meeting 5 November 2002 John N. Galayda, SLAC