CS 303 Logic & Digital System Design - An Overview Erkay Savaş Sabancı University

Motivation Analysis & design of digital electronic circuits Why digital circuits? They are everywhere and generic digital computers, smart phones, data communication, digital recording, digital TV, many others Fundamental concepts in the design of digital systems Basic tools for the design of digital circuits Logic gates (AND, OR, NOT) Boolean algebra

What is a Digital System? One characteristic: Ability of manipulating discrete elements of information A set that has a finite number of elements contains discrete information Examples for discrete sets Decimal digits {0, 1, …, 9} Alphabet {A, B, …, Y, Z} Binary digits {0, 1} One important problem how to represent the elements of discrete sets in physical systems?

How to Represent? In electronics circuits, we have electrical signals voltage current Different strengths of a physical signal can be used to represent elements of the discrete set. Which discrete set? Binary set is the easiest two elements {0, 1} Just two signal levels: 0 V and 4 V This is why we use binary system to represent the information in digital systems.

Binary System Binary set {0, 1} Th elements of binary set, 0 and 1 are called “binary digits” or shortly “bits”. How to represent the elements of other discrete sets Decimal digits {0, 1, …, 9} Alphabet {A, B, …, Y, Z} Elements of any discrete sets can be represented using groups of bits. 9  ? A  ?

How Many Bits? What is the formulae for number of bits to represent a discrete set of n elements {0, 1, 2, 3} 00  0, 01  1, 10  2, ands 11  3. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} 000  0, 001  1, 010  2, ands 011  3 100  4, 101  5, 110  6, ands 111  7. The formulae, then, ? If n = 9, then ? bits are needed

Nature of Information Is information of discrete nature? Sometimes, but usually not. Anything related to money (e.g. financial computations, accounting etc) involves discrete information In nature, information comes in a continuous form temperature, humidity level, air pressure, etc. Continuous data must be converted (i.e. quantized) into discrete data lost of some of the information We need ADC (DAC)

General-Purpose Computers Best known example for digital systems Components CPU, I/O units, Memory unit General-purpose computer CPU CPU Memory I/O Outside world FPU Multiplier/ Divider Control Registers ALU Inter connect

Textbook & References Textbook Other references M. Morris Mano, & Michael D. Ciletti “Digital Design”, Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall, 2007. Other references M. Morris Mano and Charles R. Kime, “Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals”, Fourth Edition Prentice Hall, 2007. Tens of digital design books

Lecture Three hours (2+1) a week (four credits) Monday: 12:40 – 13:30 (FENS G077) Thursday: 15:40 – 16:30 (FENS G077) Attendance is a must Failing to attend three lectures in which attendance is collected may result in one letter down in your grade

Recitation One hour (two sections) A: Thursday: 13:40 – 14:30 (FENS G077) B: Friday: 13:40 – 14:30 (FENS G029) What to do? Regular lecture (if necessary) Instructive sessions for lab equipments Problem solving sessions (e.g. preparatory for exams) HDL language sessions How to know? It will be announced

Laboratory Assignments Six Sections A – Tuesday: 10:40 – 12:30 (FENS 1033) B – Monday: 08:40 – 10:30 (FENS 1033) C –Tuesday: 08:40 – 10:30 (FENS 1033) D –Monday: 13:40 – 15:30 (FENS 1033) E – Monday: 10:40 – 12:30 (FENS 1033) At least four lab assignments It is obligatory to do all the assignments Weight: 15% Work in groups of two

Your Board

Short Homework Assignments At times Weight: 5%

Project A big development project where you use what you learn Design + implementation Weight: 10% No partial credit Essential to demonstrate a working version Works in groups of two

Exams Two midterm exams Final exam Only one makeup exam Weight: 35% Midtem I : November Midterm II : December Final exam As scheduled by registration office Only one makeup exam After final exam that substitues exams you missed

Lab & Term Project 1st lab: integrated circuits on a breadboard Other labs: FPGA board How to use them: Informative sessions during recitation hours

Lab Assistants Duygu Karaoğlan (FENS 2001) Hazar A. İlhan Ecem Ünal Yusuf Külah Others

SUCourse Will be used for (nearly) everything communication media announcements lab assignments postings short homework postings uploading reports, homework, etc.

Contact Information Erkay Savaş Place: FENS 1098 e-mail: erkays@sabanciuniv.edu Use SUCourse, then e-mail You can call me if it is urgent Office hours: Monday 15:40 – 17:30 Or by appointment TBA for assistants