RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Clean Coal Technology and Sustainable Development Barbara Bauman Director, Washington Relations EPRI World Environment Center May 17, 2001 Ph:

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Technology Roadmap Sustainable Energy Future Energy Industry Needs Today Energy Industry Needs Today Creating a Roadmap to the Future

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Strengthen the Power Delivery Infrastructure Enable the Digital Economy Accelerate Economic Growth and Productivity Resolve Energy/ Carbon Conflict Meet the Global Sustainability Challenge Building the Electricity Technology Road

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Policy Trilemma Pollution Prosperity Population Policy

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ The World Population Explosion Population (billions)

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Megacities Will Challenge Infrastructure Capabilities

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ What 10,000 GW of Global Generating Capacity Means Tripling current world power plant capacity Adding 200,000 MW/yr Investing $ billion/yr It’s equivalent to: < 5 years of current world automobile engine production Less than 0.3% of world GDP Less than the world spends on cigarettes, etc. It can and must be done!

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Broad Portfolio of Generation Options Clean coal technologies Carbon sequestration Advanced nuclear power Distributed renewable power systems Electricity/hydrogen Limit-Breaking Technologies

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Issues -- Future Coal-Based Generation Competitiveness with natural gas combined cycle generation CO 2 emissions Upcoming environmental regulations Inadequate funding of technology development programs Surviving the long dry spell Public perception that “coal” is a dirty word

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Year Carbon Emissions, MMT Electric Power Generation, BkWh Carbon from Coal Carbon from Gas Carbon from Oil Oil Generation Gas Generation Coal Generation Sources: EIA Annual Energy Outlook 1998, 2000 U. S. Electric Power Generation and Carbon Emissions by Fuel,

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Advanced Clean Coal Generation Options Ultrasupercritical pulverized coal technology (USC) –Higher efficiency through higher operating temperature and pressure –Pacing technology: alloys for high T & P service Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) –Coal as the raw material for making synthesis gas –Gas for power and coproduction of chemicals –Pacing technologies: materials; solids handling

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Cost of CO2 Removal -- A Strong Function of Generation Technology Source: Delallo, et al.

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Cost-Effective CO 2 Sequestration Project:CO 2 mitigation with the aid of carbonic anhydrase Existing Process:CO 2 removal and concentration step for exhaust gases New Process: Enzyme-catalyzed scrubbing of exhaust gasses at ambient conditions Savings:Substantial cost reduction; reduces risk of coal generation Benefit:Environmental friendly; permanent sequestration

RM GEP/SMG 05/17/ Electricity and Sustainable Development