Arrange By : Razman Hafifi Haji Redzuan, CMILT(UK)

Outline Introduction What is sustainable transport? Why we cannot depend on private vehicle? 4 main factors to achieve sustainable Public Transportation Green Transport Urban Structure Policy

Introduction Definition of sustainable transportation : “..all forms of transport which minimize fuel consumption and emissions of carbon dioxide and pollutants. It can refer to public transport, car sharing, walking and cycling as well as technology such as electric and hybrid cars and biodiesel..” (British & Australian National and Local Government)

Second definition : “the ability to meet the needs of society to move freely, gain access, communicate, trade, and establish relationships WITHOUT sacrificing other essential human or ecological values today or in the future" (World Business Council for Sustainable Development)

Why not keep using just cars? Private vehicles impose an enormous burden on society: Crash risk, loss of life, pain, suffering, rage “road collisions are the no 1 killer of Malaysian ages 0– 40 years old, more than heart disease, and cancer (MOH,2006) combined – worldwide collisions are the 1oth leading epidemic, at current trends will be 3rd by 2020 (WHO, 2004)” “during periods of poor air quality cause by vehicle‐induced smog, there is an 8.3% rise in respiratory‐related deaths in hospitals (Cdn Medical Health Officers’ Report, 1996) Loss of sense of community, social interactions

Public Transportation “..comprises passenger transportation services which are available for use by the general public, as opposed to modes for private use such as automobiles or vehicles for hire”  Rail, Road, Water, Air, Interchange (Intermodal Transport) Benefits Ensure safety Saves Money Eases Traffic Congestion Improve Air Quality Reduce Energy Consumption

But why it…. FAIL!!!

No. 10: Poor Image =≠

No. 9: Failure to Meet Needs of Specific Group Working Class Clean and Comfortable Reliable Fast travel time Disabled Ride-friendly Consumer friendly Children Safe Cheap

No. 8: Poor Integration among Public Transport Modes KTM Komuter ERL KL Monorail RapidKL Integration of: Man-Machine Interface Fare collection systems Scheduling Hardware e.g. rolling stocks

No. 7: Unreliable and Inefficient Services Slow travel time Delay Frequent breakdown =

No. 6: Poor Network Planning Concentrated vs. Distributed Nobody is more than 500 m away from a public transport services

No. 5: Failure to Implement Transit- Oriented Development (TOD) ZR 4 ZR 3 ZR 2 ZR 3 ZR 1 ZR 2

No. 4: No Strategies to Curb Usage of Private Vehicles Congestion pricing Area road pricing Inner city parking management

No. 3: Failure to Market Public Transport

No. 2: No National Strategy on Public Transportation Investment in public transport vs. investment in road infrastructure Improving access vs. reducing travel time National Automotive Policy (launched 22 March 2006) National Sustainable Transport Policy? (or, even National Transport Policy?)

No. 1: Lack of Political Will Enrique Peñalosa Mayor of Bogota (1998 – 2001) “War on Cars” Lee Myung-Bak Mayor of Seoul (2002 – 2006) “Bulldozer” Jaimie Lerner Mayor of Curitiba (1971 – 1975) “Urban Acupuncture”

The Final List 1. No specific Lack of Political Will 2. national policy on public transport 3. Failure to market public transport 4. No plan/strategies to curb usage of private vehicles 5. Failure to implement Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) 6. Poor network planning 7. Unreliable and inefficient services 8. Poor integration among public transport modes 9. Failure to meet needs of specific group 10. Poor image (Sources from : Dr. Muhammad Zaly Shah Bin Muhammad Hussein)