Lipid. The function of lipid Lipids are a class of biological molecules defined by low solubility in water and high solubility in nonpolar solvents. Function:

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Advertisements

Lipids Introduction and classification

Biochemistry Part V Lipids. Lipids A class of organic molecules that are insoluble in water A class of organic molecules that are insoluble in water There.

Biochemistry 2/e - Garrett & Grisham Copyright © 1999 by Harcourt Brace & Company Chapter 8 Lipids to accompany Biochemistry, 2/e by Reginald Garrett and.

Lipids Highly diverse structures Unifying property Hydrophobic: little to no affinity to water Contains hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds.

Lipids Biochemistry by Reginald Garrett and Charles Grisham

Notes Chapter 5 p.2 : Lipids

Lipids. Lipids  Made up of C, H and O  Can exist as fats, oils and waxes  They are insoluble in water  They are a good source of energy  (9 k cal.

UNIT 5. LIPIDS.

Ch. 5.3: LIPIDS Objectives:

Chapter 5 Section 3 Lipids Mrs. Kerstetter Biology.

LIPID REVIEW Dr. E. Lipids A. Hydrophobic B. Hydrophillic C. Nonpolar D. Polar E. Both A & C F. Both A and C.

Lipid Review What are the four examples of lipids? 2.

LEHNINGER PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY

Lipids Qualitative. Lipids are the body’s principal energy reserve. About 85% of the deaths caused by cardiovascular disease are due to arteriosclerosis.

Insoluble Biological Molecules

CHAPTER 6 LIPIDS and MEMBRANES 1. WHAT IS LIPID ?? Are a diverse group of water-insoluble organic compounds. Lipid is soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.

Fats and Lipids.

Lipids: Chapter 10 Major characteristic: hydrophobicity (water insolubility) –But typically amphipathic Lipophilic (hydrophobic) chain Polar/charged (hydrophilic)

Fats (an example of a lipid) Glycerol – Has three –OH groups – Polar molecule Soluble in water Fatty Acids – Long chains of hydrocarbons Insoluble in water.

Lipids Lipids are energy storage in cell membrane and regulators of cell metabolism. Lipids are hydrophobic biological compounds that are insoluble in.

1 Chapter 15: Lipids Chem 20 El Camino College. 2 Lipids Lipids are a family of biomolecules that are not soluble in water but can be extracted by organic.

Carbohydrates, nucleotides, amino acids, now lipids Lipids exhibit diverse biological function –Energy storage –Biological membranes –Enzyme cofactors.

What is Lipid Lipids: insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents including diethyl ether, chloroform, methylene chloride, and acetone Amphipathic:

Content fats and lipids structure and properties of phospholipids glycolipids steroids.

Lipid metabolism By Dr. Hoda Gad. OBJECTIVES BY THE END OF THESE LECTURES, STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO:  Understand the structure of lipids including 

LIPIDS. Where can you find lipids? Lipid Functions and Properties Energy storage – Better source of energy than carbs Cushioning Insulation Lipids are.

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology Lipids long term energy storage concentrated energy.

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology Lipids ________________________.

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology Lipids energy storage.

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology Lipids  Lipids are composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and small amts of Oxygen  long hydrocarbon chains (H-C)

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology What is a Lipid? long term energy storage concentrated energy.

Basic Biochemistry: Lipid Structure Dr. Kamal D. Mehta Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry Wexner Medical Center at the Ohio State University.

Lipids: Fats & Oils.

Lipids IB Biology Topic 3.

Biological Lipids and Bilayers Lipids are nearly insoluble in Water –Form Biological membranes –Regulate solute flow and signalling –Provide concentrated.

Chapter 9 - Lipids and Membranes Lipids are essential components of all living organisms Lipids are water insoluble organic compounds They are hydrophobic.

5.3: Lipids Introduction Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that do not form polymers.

BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MACROMOLECULES - LIPIDS. LIPIDS Fats Composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen -Fewer oxygen, greater carbon and hydrogen Hydrophobic.

Lipids: Fats, Oils & Waxes

The Chemical Building Blocks

Lipids The term Lipid applies to a class of compounds that are soluble in organic solvent and nearly in soluble in water. Chemically:

Learning Outcomes: B4 Describe chemical structure of lipids compared to carbohydrates Recognize structural diagrams of: glycerol, saturated and unsaturated.

Lipids Fatty Acids Fats Phospholipids Steroids Waxes.

What are Lipids? – Nonpolar, organic molecules – Composed of hydrogen (H), carbon (C), and oxygen (O) – Lipids consist of two types of molecules - glycerol.

3.1 Significance 2 major functions of lipids – Energy storage by nonpolar lipids – Membrane function by polar lipids Also form micelles Signal molecules.

Biomolecule Lipids Lecture 6 Dr. Aparna Islam 1. What are Lipids? LIPID describes a chemically varied group of fatty substances and are highly concentrated.

Lipids 1. Storage Lipids 2. Structural Lipids in Membranes 3. Working with Lipids.

What is Lipid Lipids: Lipids: insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents including diethyl ether, chloroform, methylene chloride, and acetone.

Lipids. Lipids are non-polar (hydrophobic) compounds, soluble in organic solvents. 1. Simple lipids: esters of FA with alcohols Fats: alcohol = glycerol.

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology Lipids long term energy storage concentrated energy.

Lipids: Fats & Oils Lipids long term energy storage concentrated energy.

Glycerophospholipids

Basic Biochemistry CLS 233 1st semester, Ch:10 Lipids.

Basic Biochemistry CLS 233 1st semester, Ch:10 Lipids.

Chapter 2.3: Lipids.

LIPIDS Diverse group of organics Insoluble in water

Lipids (Fats and Oils) Non-polar: will not dissolve in water

Unit 4: Cells 4.2 Lipids.

Lipids Page 46.

Lipids Dr. Tarek Zaida.

THEME: Lipids: classification, structure and biological role.

Catalyst Take out your homework so that we may go over it.

Presentation transcript:

Lipid

The function of lipid Lipids are a class of biological molecules defined by low solubility in water and high solubility in nonpolar solvents. Function: Energy membrane

5.· Fatty Acids Fatty acids are either saturated (all carbon- carbon bonds are single bonds) or unsaturated (with one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain). If a fatty acid has a single double bond, it is said to be monounsaturated, and if it has more than one, polyunsaturated.

A list of the most abundant fatty acids (M table 10.1)

Composition of natural fats (M table 10.2)

5.2 Triacylglycerol: the fat tristearin (M10.2)

Polar Bears Use Triacylglycerols to Survive Long Periods of Fasting

Whales and Arctic mammals rely on body fat for both insulation and energy reserves.

Glycerophospholipids A 1,2-diacylglycerol that has a phosphate group esterified at carbon atom 3 of the glycerol backbone is a glycerophospholipid, also known as a phosphoglyceride or a glycerol phosphatide

Phosphatidic acid, the parent compound for glycerophospholipids

The Most Common Phospholipids Phosphatidic acid phosphatidylethanolamine, is diphosphatidylglycerol

Structures of several glycerophospholipids and space-filling models of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol.

A scheme of a micelle and a membrane (M10.5)

Soaps and detergents (M p 319) SDS Triton X-100

Phospholipids (M 10.6)

The hydrophilic groups of phospholipids (M10.7)

Structure of a typical membrane (M10.10)

Glycerophospholipid Degradation: One of the Effects of Snake Venoms The venoms of poisonous snakes contain (among other things) a class of enzymes known as phospholipases, enzymes that cause the breakdown of phospholipids.

Ether Glycerophospholipids Ether Glycerophospholipids Ether glycerophospholipids possess an ether linkage instead of an acyl group at the C-1 position of glycerol

A 1-alkyl 2-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (an ether glycerophospholipid).

The structure of 1-alkyl 2-acetyl- phosphatidylcholine, also known as platelet activating factor or PAF

The structure and a space-filling model of a choline plasmalogen.

5.4 Other lipids Sphingolipids Waxs Terpens Cholesterol Steriod hormone

Sphingolipids often a hydrocarbon R group is attached to the NH 2 as in ceramide

General structure of glycosphingolipid (M p323)

A typical wax (M 10.4)

Cholesterol (M10.9)

Terpenes

Some other biologically active isoprenoid compounds or derivatives.

Steroid Hormones

Separation and analysis of lipid Lipid extraction requires organic solvent Adsorption chromatography separates lipids of different polarity Gas-Liquid Chromatography resolves mixtures of volatile lipid derivatives Specific hydrolysis(mild acid or alkaline treatment) aids in determination of lipid structure Mass spectrometry reveals complete lipid structure

The End