CHAPTERS 21 & 23 & CHAPTER 5 in Human Sexuality Section UNIT VI - DISEASES CHAPTERS 21 & 23 & CHAPTER 5 in Human Sexuality Section

EPIDEMIOLOGY THE STUDY OF DISEASES

2 MAIN CATEGORIES OF DISEASES 1. COMMUNICABLE = CONTAGIOUS A. THE COMMON COLD B. THE FLU C. AIDS 2. NON-COMMUNICABLE = NOT CONTAGIOUS A. HEART DISEASE B. CANCER C. DIABETES

GERMS THAT CAUSE DISEASES PATHOGENS GERMS THAT CAUSE DISEASES

KINDS OF PATHOGENS 1. BACTERIA 2. VIRUSES – CAUSE MORE INFECTIOUS DISEASES THAN ANY OTHER GERM 3. FUNGI – SPORE-FORMING. EX. RINGWORM & ATHLETE’S FOOT 4. PROTOZOA – SINGLE-CELL ORGANISMS FOUND IN TROPICAL AREAS 5. RICKETSIA – GROWS IN A TICK – CAN CAUSE ROCKY MTN. SPOTTED FEVER 6. PARASITIC WORM – CAUSES A TAPE WORM FROM EATING IMPROPERLY COOKED MEAT (BEEF & PORK) OR SPOILED FOODS

WHAT DO THESE LOOK LIKE?

HOW DISEASES SPREAD: 1. BY GERM ITSELF 2. MAIN SOURCES – HUMANS, ANIMALS, WATER, SOIL, PLANTS 3. MAIN MEANS FOR ENTRY AND ESCAPE = RESPIRATORY TRACT IN HUMANS 4. NEW HOST – THOSE WITH LOW RESISTANCE CATCH THE GERM

BODY’S LINES OF DEFENSE: 1. SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANES. EX. BLINK EYES, CRY, COUGH, SNEEZE 2. LYMPH GLANDS – CONTAIN WHITE BLOOD CELLS – FIGHT INFECTION 3. IMMUNE RESPONSE – BODY’S RESISTANCE TO INFECTION: A. ACTIVE IMMUNITY – BODY PRODUCES ANTIBODIES B. PASSIVE IMMUNITY – BODY IS GIVEN A VACCINE TO FIGHT INFECTIONS. HELPED BY:VACCINATIONS (POLIO) AND ANTIBIOTICS (SHOTS)