1 World War I 1914 – 1918 Goals Environment Impact Social Impact Colonization Nationalism Militarism Alliances Ottomans Spark Together - we will explore what led to this conflict

2 1. Analyze the impact of industrialization in Europe and Asia. Unit Goals World War I Root Causes 2. Examine the political and social reform movements in Europe. 3. Understand the political writings of Karl Marx. 4. Compare and Contrast the rise of Germany under Otto Von Bismarck and Japan under Emperor Meiji. 5. Examine the reaction of native peoples of foreign domination.

3 Unit Goals (cont.) World War I Root Causes 6. Describe imperialism that occurred in Africa and Asia; the importance of geography and natural resources. 7. Describe the rise of nationalism, militarism, and European colonization. 8. Examine the collapse of the Ottomans and its influence that contributed to World War I. 9. Analyze the European Alliances and how these alliances will set in motion World War I. 10. Examine the significance of Archduke Ferdinand assassination that would led to war.

4 What were the root causes that set the stage for World War I? Introduction How did World War I became a global war?

5 Industrial Revolution World War I Root Causes Colonization World Empires/ Imperialism Militarism The Alliances Collapse of the Ottoman Empire Nationalism

6 Painting “The Parliament in London,” by Claude Monet’s, Paris. Depicting London showing the sun partially blocked by the smog-laden atmosphere. The spread of technologies magnified the environmental impact by humans. People consumed more energy and resources while producing more waste. Increase burning of fossil fuels reduced air quality. Industrial Revolution Environment

7 Industrial Revolution Social Impact Rapid urbanization of cities. Dense and cramped living conditions. Debates and laws regarding child labor, public health and harsh working conditions Rise of economic social classes. Marx’s writings about class struggles. Critical of the current social-economic form of society (capitalism). Believed that the rich exploits the poor for their own benefit. His writings will have a profound effect during the twentieth century. “The need of a constantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the whole surface of the globe. It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, establish connexions everywhere.” The Communist Manifesto.

8 Industrial Revolution Family No. 1 Family No. 2 Social Darwinism - Referring that technology, economy, and government of the "White European“ nations was advanced in comparison to that of other cultures. Natural selection was playing out, Europeans were more suited to survival and the right to dominate other peoples. Was Marx right? Describe how European society was transformed by the industrial revolution? Contrast how Social Darwinist and a Marxist would account for the differences in the conditions of the two families picture above? Social Impact

Industrial Revolution Source for Raw Materials Markets for Finished Goods European Nationalism Missionary Activity Military & Naval Bases European motives for colonization Places to Dump Unwanted/ Excess Popul. Soc. & Eco. Opportunities Humanitarian Reasons European Racism “White Man’s Burden” Social Darwinism European Motives for Colonization 9 Root Causes: Colonization

10 Nationalism What is nationalism? Great pride in one’s country or aspiring to become one’s own country. Ethnic people share common languages & traditions. Nationalism is fueled by people’s ability to vote. By the 20 th century many European nations are constitutional monarchies. Nations spend money on armies, navies to defend their borders and colonies – assert their power and independence. Root Causes: Nationalism

Militarism – Brewing Tensions ’s – Rivalry among the European powers was intense as they scrambled for colonies in Africa and Asia. British-German tensions increased as a result of German acquisitions which threatened British strategic and commercial interests in Africa and the Pacific. Root Causes: Militarism

As well as their STANDING ARMIES, the nations introduced CONSCRIPTION, so they also had large numbers of trained RESERVES. All the nations except Britain had HUGE armies. Militarism – Military buildup 12

13 Italy Austria- Hungary Germany Russia Britain France Bulgaria / Serbia The Ottoman Empire Treaty Aid Alliance The Alliances Root Causes: Alliances

The Crimean War Britain and France support Ottomans in war against Russian expansion into Black sea. Ottoman Empire 14 Costly war with over 250,000 casualties. Defeated Russia’s forces but shows weakness of Ottoman Empire.

Ottoman Empire What were some of the reasons for internal decay? How did the military defeats of the 1700s signal the decay of the Ottoman Empire? How did Sultan’s attempt to reform? How did revolts and rebellions lead to further disintegration? What was the Balkan Crisis of ? What was the significance of the Eastern question? 15

The “Spark” Ingredients:  1 part European Alliances  Generous portion of Militarism  1 part Nationalism  1 part of Industrialization  1 part of Colonization  Mix with a generous portion of Imperialism and European Rivalries. 16

17 What “spark” the chain of events that will lead to war? The “Spark”

18 The Black Hand Assassination The “Spark”