Chapter 2 – 2 Forces Shaping Earth World Geography

Review From Yesterday What do you remember about the revolution of the earth? What do you remember about the revolution of the earth? What do you remember about days and nights? What do you remember about days and nights? How does latitude affect the seasons? How does latitude affect the seasons?

On a ½ piece of paper Online Latitude Quiz Online Latitude Quiz Online Latitude Quiz Online Latitude Quiz Not graded but do you must do your best! Not graded but do you must do your best!

Today, you will learn… Today you will be learning about the forces that shape our planet Earth, both inside and out. Today you will be learning about the forces that shape our planet Earth, both inside and out. You will also learn about the different layers that make up the earth. You will also learn about the different layers that make up the earth. What exactly is plate tectonics? What exactly is plate tectonics?

The Pacific Ring of Fire This is a great example of the forces that are currently shaping our planet earth.

What does the earth look like on the inside? An easy way to think of the inside of the earth is to imagine that the earth is a giant gobstopper with many different layers, flavors, and colors. An easy way to think of the inside of the earth is to imagine that the earth is a giant gobstopper with many different layers, flavors, and colors.

A) Earth’s Layers 1) The core is a sphere of very hot metal at the center of the earth. 1) The core is a sphere of very hot metal at the center of the earth. 2) The mantle is a thick, hot, rocky layer surrounding the core. 2) The mantle is a thick, hot, rocky layer surrounding the core. 3) The crust is the thin layer of rocks, and minerals that surround and float on the mantle. 3) The crust is the thin layer of rocks, and minerals that surround and float on the mantle.

Layers of Inner Earth

B) Water 1) 70% of the earth’s surface is water 1) 70% of the earth’s surface is water Lakes, rivers, seas, oceans. Lakes, rivers, seas, oceans. 30% is land 30% is land 2) 97% of water is in oceans 2) 97% of water is in oceans 3% of world freshwater. 3% of world freshwater.

Get it?

C) Forces Inside Earth 1) Heat deep inside Earth is constantly reshaping the planet 1) Heat deep inside Earth is constantly reshaping the planet 2) The earth is made up of moving plates of land that “float” on magma. 2) The earth is made up of moving plates of land that “float” on magma. Just like boiling water, magma bubbles to the surface of the earth

Earth’s Moving Tectonic Plates Through Time Bilions of years ago, all continents were connected in a supercontinent named Pangea

Website Pangea Website Pangea Website Pangea Website Pangea Website

D) Volcanoes and Earthquakes 1) Volcanoes are formed by two tectonic plates colliding and one plate sliding under another plate. 1) Volcanoes are formed by two tectonic plates colliding and one plate sliding under another plate. 2) Earthquakes are caused when two plates push into each other. 2) Earthquakes are caused when two plates push into each other.

World Seismicity Notice how all earthquakes have occurred along plate boundaries!

E) Forces on Earth’s Surface Forces inside the earth create. Forces inside the earth create. Forces on the outer part of the earth wear earth down and reshape it. Forces on the outer part of the earth wear earth down and reshape it. 1) Weathering is a process that breaks rocks down into tiny pieces. 1) Weathering is a process that breaks rocks down into tiny pieces. 2) Erosion is the removal of small pieces of rock by water, ice and wind. 2) Erosion is the removal of small pieces of rock by water, ice and wind.

Website Layers of the Earth Website - CNN Layers of the Earth Website - CNN Layers of the Earth Website Layers of the Earth Website