SMP - LE 2013 notes The Cell and it’s Parts! Boy! What a little cell can do!

SMP - LE 2013 notes

SMB - LE 2011 notes IMAGES of Cells: Root cell Red Blood cell Plant Cell Nerve Cell Skin Cell

SMP - LE 2013 notes Why study cells? Cells  Tissues  Organs  organ systems  organism ◦bodies are made up of cells ◦cells do all the work of life!

SMB - LE 2011 notes Multicellular Organization Organ Systems (Digestive System) Organ (Stomach) Tissue (Smooth muscle Tissue) Specialized cells (Muscle cell) Muscle cell Smooth muscle Tissue Stomach Digestive System

Muscle cellSmooth muscle tissueStomachDigestive system Section 7- 4 Levels of Organization Go to Section:

SMP - LE 2013 notes The Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of cells 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3. New cells are produced from existing cells

SMP - LE 2013 notes Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Have cell membrane Have cell membrane Have cytoplasm Have cytoplasm DNA is free floating in cytoplasm DNA is free floating in cytoplasm ◦NO NUCLEUS Bacteria! Bacteria! Eukaryotes Have cell membrane Have cell membrane Have cytoplasm Have cytoplasm DNA is contained DNA is contained ◦IN NUCLEUS Have organelles Have organelles ◦Specialized structures with specific functions

SMP - LE 2013 notes Cells have 3 Main Jobs 1. Making energy to fuel daily life & growth, the cell must…  take in nutrients, oxygen (O 2 )  make ATP  remove waste (carbon dioxide) ATP

SMP - LE 2013 notes Our organelles do all these jobs! 2. Make proteins proteins do all the work in a cell, so we need lots of them 3. Make more cells for growth to replace damaged or diseased cells

Typical Animal Cell Textbook pg 174

Cell videos for review Cell organelle song recap (3:10) Cell review Lesson Cell Rap song SMP - LE 2013 notes

CELL ORGANELLES Tiny membrane-bound structures that perform special functions inside the cell SMP - LE 2013 notes VIDEO:

SMP - LE 2013 notes 1. Cell Membrane: ◦ Functions: Semi – permeable (selective) Regulates what enters and leaves the cell Receives signals from other cells (in multicellular orgs) ◦ Found in:  All cells 2. Cytoplasm: ◦ Function:  OVER 80% water  Site of chemical reactions  Contained by cell membrane ◦ Found in:  All cells 3. Cell Wall ◦ Function:  Provides support  Surrounds cell membrane ◦ Found in:  Plants and Fungi

SMP - LE 2013 notes 4. Nucleus ◦Function:  Contains DNA (chromatin)  “Control center” of cell 5. Nuclear membrane- Surrounded the nucleus 6. Nucleolus: ◦ Center of nucleus ◦ Site of ribosome synthesis ◦All Found in:  All eukaryotic cells nucleolus Nuclear membrane

SMP - LE 2013 notes 7. Ribosomes 7. Ribosomes (the protein makers) ◦Function:  Site of protein synthesis  “Little dots” ◦Found in:  All eukaryotic cells 8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) ◦Function:  Assembly of cell parts and transport  “Smooth” has no ribosomes  “Rough” has ribosomes on surface ◦Found in:  All eukaryotic cells

SMP - LE 2013 notes 9. Golgi Apparatus 9. Golgi Apparatus (The “Post Office” of the cell) ◦Function:  Proteins are packaged and shipped here ◦Found in:  All eukaryotic cells 10. Lysosomes 10. Lysosomes ( Clean-up Crew) ◦Function:  Contain enzymes that break down things ◦Found in:  Heterotrophic cells

SMP - LE 2013 notes 11. Mitochondria ◦Function :  Site of cellular respiration ◦ Releasing energy (ATP) from food  “Powerhouse” of the cell ◦Found in:  All eukaryotic cells 12. Vacuole (S 12. Vacuole (S torage tanks) ◦Function:  Empty space used for storage  Much LARGER in plant cells…WHY? ◦ Need to store water and starch ◦Found in:  All eukaryotic cells

SMP - LE 2013 notes 13. Chloroplast ◦Function:  Site of photosynthesis  Uses sun’s energy and water to make food (glucose)!  Chloroplast contain the pigment CHLOROPHYLL which makes most plants appear GREEN!! ◦Found in:  Autotrophs (Plant cells, and some Protists)

14. centrioles Cell division Found only in animal cells SMP - LE 2013 notes

CELL STRUCTURE

SMP - LE 2013 notes Let’s compare Animal and Plant cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, ER, Golgi Lysosomes Small Vacuoles Centrioles Round shape Cell Wall Chloroplasts Large Vacuole Rectangular shape

Write in your science journal: Let’s compare unicellular to multicellular organisms! Unicellular Nucleus Nucleus Cell Membrane Cell Membrane Lysosome Lysosome Multicellular Nervous system Nervous system Skin; Respiratory Skin; Respiratory Digestive system Digestive system

Vacuoles in One celled Organisms Crucial in maintaining homeostasis ◦ Food Vacuole  Stores and digests food ◦ Contractile vacuole  Pumps excess water from cells

SMP - LE 2013 notes Vacuole Microfilament 4. Nuclear Pore Centrioles Microtuble

SMP - LE 2013 notes Answers: 1. Vacuole 1. Vacuole 2. Microfilament 2. Microfilament 3. Nuclear Membrane 3. Nuclear Membrane 4. Nuclear Pore 4. Nuclear Pore 5. Nucleolus 5. Nucleolus 6. Nucleus 6. Nucleus 7. Centrioles 7. Centrioles 8. Microtuble 8. Microtuble 9. Mitochondria 9. Mitochondria 10. Smooth “ER” 10. Smooth “ER” 11. Cell Membrane 11. Cell Membrane 12. Ribosomes 12. Ribosomes 13. Golgi Apparatus 13. Golgi Apparatus 14. Cytoplasm 14. Cytoplasm 15. Lysosome 15. Lysosome 16. Rough “ER” 16. Rough “ER”

Internet Cell Activity Students will use an interactive tutorial of an animal and plant cell to learn about the components (organelles) found in these cells. SMP - LE 2013 notes

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