ABDOMINAL AORTA & INFERIOR VENA CAVA Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim

ABDOMINAL AORTA BEGINNING: A continuation of descending thoracic aorta after passing through aortic opening of diaphragm (opposite T12) TERMINATION: Divides into 2 common iliac arteries (opposite lower part of L4)

ANTERIOR RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA

ANTERIOR RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA 2 pancreas, 2 intestine, 2 veins, 2 superior mesenteric Body & uncinate process of pancreas Splenic & left renal veins Third part of duodenum Coils of small intestine Superior mesenteric vessels

RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA POSTERIOR: Bodies of lumbar vertebrae

RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA RIGHT: IVC Cysterna chyli Azygos vein Right crus LEFT: Left sympathetic trunk Left psoas major Left crus

BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA

SINGLE BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA Three arising from anterior aspect of aorta: Celiac trunk (upper part of L1) Superior mesenteric (lower part of L1) Inferior mesenteric (L3) One arising from termination of aorta: Median sacral (lower part of L4)

PAIRED BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA Three pairs arising from anterior aspect of aorta: Inferior phrenic (upper part of L1) Suprarenal (lower part of L1) Gonadal (testicular or ovarian) (L3) One pair arising from lateral aspect of aorta: Renal (L2)

PAIRED BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA Four pairs arising from posterior aspect of aorta: Lumbar One pair arising from termination of aorta: Common iliac (Lower part of L4)

COMMON ILIAC ARTERIES BEGINNING: Terminal branches of abdominal aorta (lower part of L4) TERMINATION: Each one bifurcates into external & internal iliac arteries (lower part of L5) COURSE & RELATIONS: Descend along medial border of psoas End anterior to sacroiliac joint The bifurcation is crossed by ureter

EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY BEGINNING: One of 2 terminal branches of common iliac artery (lower part of L5) TERMINATION: Continues as femoral artery, behind inguinal ligament BRANCHES: Deep circumflex iliac Inferior epigastric

INFERIOR VENA CAVA BEGINNING: Formed by union of 2 common iliac veins (L5) TERMINATION: Pierces central tendon of diaphragm at level of T8 Opens in the right atrium at level of right 6th costal cartilage

RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA ANTERIOR: Liver Epiploic foramen, First part of duodenum, Head of pancreas Third part of duodenum Superior mesenteric vessels Right gonadal vessels Coils of small intestine

RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA POSTERIOR: Bodies of lumbar vertebrae Right crus Right renal artery Right sympathetic trunk

RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA RIGHT: Right psoas major Right ureter LEFT: Abdominal aorta

TRIBUTARIES OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

TRIBUTARIES OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA Right & left inferior phrenic veins Right & left renal veins Right & left lumbar veins Right & left common iliac veins Right suprarenal vein Right gonadal vein Hepatic veins

N.B. Left suprarenal vein & left gonadal vein drain into left renal vein Median sacral vein drains into left common iliac vein Superior mesenteric vein joins splenic vein to form portal vein Inferior mesenteric vein drains into splenic vein There is no celiac vein

N.B. Tributaries of IVC = paired branches of abdominal aorta Left suprarenal & left gonadal veins + hepatic veins