1.General Description 2.Blood Vessels of Pulmonary Circulation 3. Arteries of Systemic Circulation Guo Ling, MD,PhD Department of Anatiomy ARTERY

1)A main A-trunk lies in a certain part of body 2) Part: marking the start and the end of an artery 3) Branches (1st,2nd, 3rd… in grade, from a large D to a small D) Parietal and visceral branches exist in the trunk. 4) Symmetrical or bilateral arrangements 5) Accompanied with V and N The purpose is to better understand the name, main branches and specific supply targets of an artery. General Description 1.Organ-Extrinsic Distribution Patterns of Artery

2. Organ-Intrinsic Distribution Patterns of the Artery Radiated distribution Transversal distribution Longitudinal distribution Hilum Entry Point entry

3. Patterns of Anastomoses of Arteries Communicating branches Arterial arch NetworkArteriovenous anastomoses Some parts of the body build up arterial anastomoses to ensure constant blood supply to the specific areas or organs because these regions or organs often change their shape or are pressed & their blood flow is affected.

Trunk of artery Collateral branches 4. Collateral Circulation

Composition of Pulmonary Circulation 3) Arterial ligament ( ductus arteriosus) (position,clinic significance,CHD) 2) Pulmonary veins (4 in number) contain venous blood. 1) Pulmonary trunk,left and right pulmonary arteries contain arterial blood.

Arteries of Systemic Circulation Division branches of the aorta Aorta Aortic arch Ascending aorta Descending aorta Thoracic aorta Abdominal aorta

Left \ Right coronary arteries 1.Branches of Ascending Aorta

3) Left subclavian artery 2) Left common carotid 1) Brachiocephalic trunk 2. Branches of Aortic Arch (three branches, R→L ) R. subclavian artery R. common carotid Brachocephalic trunk

( brain,visual organ. no branches outside the skull) External carotid Internal carotid ⑥ Superficial temporal A ⑤ Maxillary A Middle meningeal A ④ Occipital A ③ Facial A ② Lingual A ① Superior thyroid A Common Carotid Branches

Carotid Sinus situated in the proximal part of internal carotid pressure-receptor chemoreceptor Carotid Body situated behind the ramification of common carotid

Branches of Subclavian Artery Axillary A ② Internal thoracic A ① Vertebral A ③ Thyrocervical trunk ④ Costocervical trunk

Superficial and Deep palmar arches Axillary A Brachial A Radial A, Ulnar A Subclavian A is the main trunk of the upper limb. Subclavian artery ↓

Deep palmar arch Superficial palmar arch Proper palmar digital A

The use of brachial A in measuring blood pressure

● Brachiocephalic trunk gives off branches behind the right sternoclavicular joint. ● Left common carotid originates from aortic arch. Right common carotid arises from brachiocephalic trunk. Summary

● Common carotid gives off its branches opposite the upper border of thyroid cartilage.

1. Thyroid Superior thyroid A Inferior thyroid A Artery Supplies for Some Organs

2. Brain 1) Internal carotid A 2) Vertebral A

3. Branches of Thoracic Aorta Parietal branches ① 3th -11th of posterior Intercostal As ② Subcostal A Visceral branches ① Bronchial A ② Esophageal A

1)Parietal branches / Inferior phrenic A / Lumbar A (4 pairs in number) / Median sacral A 4. Branches of Abdominal Aorta Two kinds of affiliated branches: parietal branches visceral branches

unpaired paired 2) Visceral branches of abdominal aorta ① Renal A ② Testicular A (ovarian A) ③ Middle suprarenal A ① Celiac trunk ② Superior mesenteric A ③ Inferior mesenteric A

Variations of Renal Arteries

① Outline of Celiac Trunk supplying liver, gallbladder, stomach, a part of duodenum, spleen and pancreas, etc. Left gastric A Common hepatic A Splenic A

right gastric A b. Common hepatic A proper hepatic A right hepatic A-cystic A gastroduodenal A pancreaticoduodenal A right gastroepiploic A pancreatic branches c. Splenic A left gastroepiploic A short gastric A, back gastric A(60—80%) Branches of Celiac Trunk left hepatic A a. Left gastric A

② Branches of Superior Mesenteric A Supplying digestive tract from duodenum to the left colic flexure ARCH a.Jejunal A b.Ileal A c.Ilecolic A Appendicular A e. Middle colic A d. Right colic A

a.Left colic A b.Sigmoid A c.Superior rectal A Supplying digestive tract from left colic flexure to the rectum. ③ Branches of Inferior Mesenteric A

Abdominal aorta L.common iliac A R. common iliac A Common iliac artery Internal iliac A External iliac A 5. Arteries of Pelvis and Lower Limb

1)Parietal branches a. Obturator A b. Superior gluteal A c.Inferior gluteal A Supplying the wall of pelvis (1)Branches of Internal Iliac Artery 1) 2) 3)

a. Umbilical A b. Superior vesical A c. Uterine A d. Inferior rectal A e. Pudendal internal A ⑤ ④ ③ ② ① Supplying the viscera in pelvis. 2)Viscera branches

(2) External Iliac Artery Femoral Arteries ↓ Anterior tibial A ↓ Dorsal artery of foot Popliteal Artery ↓ Posterior tibial A Medial, lateral plantar arteries ↓ Plantar arch ↓

Blood vessles for some organs ▲ Blood vessels of lungs: two sets Bronchial A & V (nutrient vessels) Pulmonary A & V (functional vessel )

① Left gastric A ② Right gastric A ③ Right gastroepiploic A ④ Left gastroepiploic A ⑤ Short gastric A ⑥ Back gastric A ⑤ ④ ③ ② ① ⑥ ▲ Arteries of stomach

1.Ileocolic A 2.Right colic A 3.Middle colic A 4.Left colic A 5.Sigmoid colic A ▲ Arteries of colon Marginal A(concept) along the medial margin of the colon

1.Superior rectal A 2.Inferior rectal A 3.Anal A ▲ Arteries of rectum

Clinical application: taking the pulse on the radial A

A convenient way for checking the functions of heart &artery: As drawn in the picture, please feel the beatings of the arteries in some spots of your body.