rh Lecture 6 Slides

Go to TA sections; challenge them! Come to R’s and/or TAs office hours 2130 Pac Hall Mon 2-3 Tue 2-3 details on course web site:

Warburg Effect the Warburg effect is the observation that most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol Otto Heinrich Warburg 1931 Nobel Prize in Medicine

Warburg Effect

fig Getting other sugars into the glycolytic pathway

pg 545 A second route for fructose (in liver)

Glycogen: nature’s sugar bowl

fig more about glycogen later Liberating glucose units from glycogen

From glycogen to glycolysis… phosphogluco- mutase another mutase…

fig 14-1 Now what?

fig 14-1 Now what?

fig 14-1 Now what? Fermentation: anaerobic metabolism of glucose without oxidation...

pg 547 LDH converts pyruvate to lactate, restoring the pool of NAD +

pg 547 LDH converts pyruvate to lactate, restoring the pool of NAD +

pg 547 ethanol production: another NAD + restoration strategy

fig Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP): an activated carbon

fig Thiamine pyrophosphate in ethanol production

fig TPP as a carbanion nucleophile in pyruvate metabolism

fig TPP as a carbanion nucleophile in pyruvate metabolism

fig TPP as a carbanion nucleophile in pyruvate metabolism

TPP-mediated enzymatic reactions TPP is all about carbonyl activation table 14-1

The glycolysis energy landscape (pyruvate set to 0)

Regulated glycolytic enzymes hexokinse (and glucokinse) phosphofructokinase (PFK-1) pyruvate kinase regulated by G6P allosterically liver isozyme is glucokinase, different regulated by ATP, citrate, and fatty acids

The glycolysis energy landscape (pyruvate set to 0)

regulation of hexokinase: isozymes can differ fig 15-12

fig PFK-1 : a right fancy enzyme!

fig PFK-1: allosteric regulation by ATP, etc…

PFK-1: allosteric regulation by ADP, etc… xxx

fig FPK-1 has multiple allosteric regulators

fig Our book’s notation for regulators inhibitionactivation

fig PFK-1 has multiple allosteric regulators

fig Glucose as a source of other stuff Pentose phosphate pathway oxidative reactions

fig Pentose phosphate pathway oxidative reactions

fig Pentose phosphate pathway oxidative reactions

fig Pentose phosphate pathway oxidative reactions

fig Pentose phosphate pathway: non-oxidative rxns all movement of carbonyl groups to and fro…

fig Pentose phosphate pathway: non- oxidative reactions 2C 3C2C 3C end of lecture 6

pg 547 LDH converts pyruvate to lactate, restoring the pool of NAD +