 Both produce similar reactions, but smallpox is deadly, while cowpox isn’t

 she noticed locals in Turkey putting pus from patients with mild cases of smallpox into children's wounds  these children quickly recovered from a normally deadly disease

 He saw that milkmaids who had been infected with cowpox and recovered didn’t get sick from smallpox

 He gave a child cowpox  The child was then infected with smallpox, but the child didn’t get sick  the child was immune to smallpox

 Today these experiments would be seen as unethical  No one deserves to be part of an experiment that could be deadly

 A weakened or dead virus is injected  It will normally not make you sick but the antigens are still there  The antigen will cause an immune response and it will cause antibodies to be created against the antigen  Next time, you can fight it off quickly!

 Active Immunity is…  Passive Immunity is…

 While breastfeeding, mothers give antibodies for a variety of diseases to their babies.  What would happen if…  The baby is exposed to a pathogen that the mom provided an antibody for while breast feeding (or within a few months of stopping)?  The baby is exposed to the same pathogen years later?

 Allergies are the result of your immune system making a mistake  It thinks that a substance is a deadly pathogen  It releases histamine to start the immune response  This leads to swelling, itchy eyes, runny nose, hives…

 In mild cases: An antihistamine stops the release of histamine  In severe cases: Epi-pens give epinephrine (adrenaline) which opens your airway and allows blood to flow easily

 AIDS  AIDS is caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)  HIV infects helper T cells  death from HIV / AIDS can result from less serious infections, such as pneumonia

 How do you catch AIDS?  HIV is only transmitted through sharing of bodily fluids ▪ such as blood or semen  Could you get a vaccine for AIDS?