Meilien Lam 7I

Non-living things Living Things

What is reproduction ? Reproduction is when organisms, that reached adulthood, give birth and produce fresh individuals like themselves. Animals give birth to live offspring or eggs. Plants don’t follow this process. Instead, plants are reproduced by seeds, spores, cuttings, runners or by budding. Some organisms reproduce by splitting themselves in half. This is called asexual.

Growth What is growth ? Growth is when we get bigger and taller, in other words, an increase in size. Example, plants and trees start off as seedlings, then grow roots and leaves. After that, it starts getting bigger and more vibrant. We are also an example. We humans start of as babies and then go through childhood and later on, adulthood. After we, and many other animals, reach adulthood our growth starts to slow down and, finally, stop growing.

Respond What is response? Response is the reaction to a surrounding or environment like how lizards and snakes lie on warm rocks and bathe in the sun’s rays. Or how a pot plant inside grows in the direction of the sunlight. This is response. With response, there comes stimuli, or changes in the surrounding or environment. Example, when you are having a warm shower and suddenly cold water comes out. When a living thing discovers a stimulus, it responds to it. Stimuli vary from movement and odour (smell) to temperatures and pressure (touch).

Movement What is movement ? Movement is when a living thing performs actions, motions or activities. We need movement to make ourselves fit and healthy. Other animals need movement to catch their prey or run away from their predator. Examples of movement is a cheetah hiding in the blades of long grass, waiting for the right time to strike. Another example is dolphins leaping and jumping in the air. Movement is an essential to life as it keeps our heart moving and our muscles alive.

Taking in Nutrition/Energy What is taking in nutrition/energy? We, and many other animals, need energy or nutrition to do any of the above. We take in materials that contain the energy to, example, breathe, eat or drink. We either take in oxygen or food and liquids. Water is an major essential to us because it moves substances in and out of our body and to allow chemical reactions to happen in our body cells. After digestion, we absorb the nutrients and energy in the substance. Plants and trees need sunlight, water and, instead of oxygen, carbon dioxide. It takes the sunlight via its leaves and water through its roots. Plants and trees, with carbon dioxide, water and sunlight, make their own food. This is called photosynthesis. Other organisms take in food by wrapping itself around the substance and absorbing it.

Excretion What is excretion ? Excretion is the process of getting rid of waste in your body. If these waste builds up in your body, it will become poisonous. We excrete carbon dioxide in exchange of oxygen. We also excrete salts and water (or sweat) from our skin. Most of our liquid waste is in our urine. Bigger foods that aren’t digested are excreted as faeces.

Thank y ou ! BY : M eilien Lam 7 I