F. Azaiez (IPN-Orsay) The European Collaboration for Stable Ion Beams – ECOS Pushing the limits with high intensity stable beams A typical bottom up initiative in the field

Marie-Helene Moscatello / M. Levitowicz (GANIL) Annamaria Porcellato (LNL) Uli Ratzinger (GSI) + [ S. Brandenburg (KVI), S. Gammino (LNS) ] Sigurd Hofmann (GSI) Rauno Julin (JYFL) Faisal Azaiez (IPN-Orsay) Jacomo Deangelis (Legnaro) Rolf-Dietmar Herzberg (Liverpool) Task: Produce a document to NUPECC with: ECOS: European COllaboration for Stable (ion beams) --The Science with high intensity stable ion beams, Beam intensity limitations and technical developments for various types of research lines --Status and future developments of existing facilities/ New facility -- Conclusions and Recommendations

Some of the key questions in the nuclear structure field are and will remain for the coming 10 years well/better addressed using the state of the art detection systems and higher intensity stable beams! What is the influence of increasing charge on the nuclear dynamics and structure? What is the maximum number of protons that a nucleus can sustain? What are the properties of neutron-deficient nuclei? Is there a new pairing phase based on T=0 neutron-proton pairs? How does shell structure melt with increasing temperature? How does chaos emerge from order? What are the new symmetries and excitation modes at high angular momentum? Are there any new components of the weak interaction between nucleons?

The recommendation of the committee is to ensure a strong support to stable ion beam facilities in Europe not only for their accelerator system development but also for the instrumentation and experimental infrastructure that are needed to host dedicated research programs. Recommendations (the part related to existing TNA and relevant to the LoI) The proposed ECOS-NA is aiming at optimizing resources and manpower for the maintenance and development of various stable ions beam facilities in Europe with the following objectives: - Organize the exchange of expertise and experience in ion sources and accelerator technologies. - Organize common design and infrastructure studies between facilities that are aiming for the use of common detection systems (gamma arrays, neutron and charged particle arrays, etc…) - Organize technicians, Post-Doc and Student exchange in order to transfer expertise. - Organize a forum for discussions on research programs in order to optimize the use of the stable ion beam facilities in Europe.

--Increasing beam intensities to 100pnA at LNL and JYFL is a tremendous increase of the research potential in Europe. --The upgrade of the UNILAC (GSI) and the operation of LINAG (GANIL) (the 100p  A intensity regime), will address the most challenging physics programs related to SHE, proton rich nuclei, Beside the RNB projects, the nuclear structure and the nuclear astrophysics communities need new dedicated high intensity stable ions facilities Recommendations (the part related to existing TNA and relevant to the LoI)

In order to improve the existing facilities (TNA’s) and to be ready for this new project it is also highly important that R&D on the various related keys issues initiated and organised at the European level (in synergy with future RNB projects) 1. Development of High current ion sources 2. Development of high power thin targets 3. Improvement of the ion-optical properties of the separator with respect to high transmission and reduced background. 3. Increase of the detector granularity and installation of an appropriate signal processing and data acquisition system. This is the aim of the ECOS-JRA Recommendations (the part related to existing TNA and relevant to the LoI)

List of Participants: Bulgaria: Univ. Sofia, INRNE Sofia Finland: Univ. Jyväskylä France: IN2P3, CEA, GANIL Germany: GSI Darmstadt Greece: NCSR Demokritos Hungary: ATOMKI Debrecen Italy: INFN Legnaro, INFN Padova, INFN catania, INFN Milano Netherlands: KVI Groningen Poland: IFJ PAN Krakow and HIL UW Warsaw Romania: NIPNE Bucharest Sweden: Lund Univ., Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Uppsala University Turkey: Istanbul Univ., Nigde Univ. UK: Univ. Brighton, STFC Daresbury, Univ. Liverpool, Univ. Manchester, Univ. Paisley, Univ. Surrey, Univ. York ECOS-NA&JRA