Baltimore Polytechnic Institute November 5, 2014 A/A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green

Objective: Students will: Describe the furious conflict over slavery that arose in 1819, and indicate how the Missouri Compromise at least temporarily resolved it. Indicate how John Marshall’s Supreme Court promoted the spirit of nationalism through its rulings in favor of federal power. AP Focus As the United States expands westward, the question of containing slavery takes on an increasingly large role in the nation’s political affairs.

Theme: Chief Justice John Marshall’s Supreme Court strengthened the federal government by supporting a loose construction of the Constitution, asserting the federal judiciary’s power over state courts, and enforcing economic provisions in the Constitution (interstate commerce, sanctity of contracts).

Decades Chart for the 1800s and 1810’s due on Friday Election Chart for due on Friday

Identify the components of the American System. Explain the impact each component would have on the U.S. James Madison message on the Doc Reader Based on your political party chart, what era are we studying now???

9 states joined the Union between 1791 & 1819 Most admitted alternately, free or slave Missouri wanted to join the Union in 1819 as a slave state House of Representative passed the Tallmadge amendment that no more slaves be brought into Missouri and the gradual emancipation of children born to slave parents Senate defeated the Tallmadge amendment Missouri 1 st state carved from LA purchase precedent for the rest of the area abolish the peculiar institution

Missouri came in as a slave state while Maine( a part of Massachusetts) came in as a free state Slavery banned at 36 degrees 30 minutes in the LA purchase Jefferson’s response “burst on us as a tornado” James Monroe received all but 1 electoral vote in 1820

Loose construction Constitution derived from the consent of the people and thus permitted the government to act for their benefit “Let the end be legitimate, let it be within the scope of the constitution, and all means which are appropriate, which are plainly adapted to that end…’ Can these words support the declaration of unconstitutionality of a popularly enacted law.

McCulloch v. Maryland federal supremacy implied powers Cohens v. Virginia Right of the Supreme Court to review the decisions of the state supreme courts in all questions involving powers of the federal government Gibbons v. Ogden upheld the sovereign powers of the national government to control interstate commerce

Fletcher v Peck (1810) invalidated the Georgia legislature that broke a contract that was made illegally when the next legislative session ended that contract Dartmouth College v. Woodward The state of NH could not alter the college’s charter, even though it was granted by King George III in 1769

Anglo-American Convention of 1818 permitted Americans to share Newfoundland fisheries with Canada established the 49 th parallel as the northern boundary of Louisiana 10 year joint occupation of the Oregon Territory Acquiring Florida Andrew Jackson commissioned to enter Spanish Florida to stop hostile Seminoles and arrest fugitive slaves Spain busy putting down democratic uprisings in Chile, Venezuela and Argentina

Spain ceded Florida and claims to Oregon America gave up claims to Texas As Europe returned to despotism, Americans feared that European monarchs would invade the Western Hemisphere and help restore Spanish rule America approached by Britain to denounce jointly any interest in acquiring Latin American territory

John Quincy Adams did not trust the Brits Adams persuaded Monroe to issue the decree that said: 1. noncolonization 2. nonintervention Protect America from invasion and from Russia making claims to California. European monarch angered by the doctrine It was never law

Continue Reading Chapter 12 to the end if you have not done so!! Continue work on the Decades chart for the 1810’s Quiz on Thursday over Chapter 12.