Chapter 28 Track-Train Dynamics
Problem Lateral Forces High Center of Gravity Cars Vertical Forces Loaded and Empty Cars
Types of Lateral Movement Lateral Bending and Bending Stress Lateral Movement Tilt or Twist Lateral Phenomena
Train Action Derailment Wheel Climbing Rail Overturning Brake Action – assumes status of a long and flexible beam in compression, a relatively unstable state Quick take-up of slack in a long train can also exert lateral pressure
Train Action (Cont’d) Reverse Curves “Chording” the Curve Truck Hunting
Derailment Causes Operating Error (Transportation) Mechanical Error (Mechanical) Track Error (Engineering) Or a Combination of Above ~ Conduct Root Cause Analysis ~
L/V Ratio Ratio of the lateral component to the vertical component of the wheel load. As ratio increases, tendency to derail increases
Lateral Slip
Load Application Ballast Section Design L/V Track Restraint Ratio Track Design Factors
Train Forces
Car Weight Problems from Modern Cars
Rock and Roll
More prevalent on jointed track Joints every 19.5 feet – induced oscillation Car body springs have natural frequency of oscillation At speeds between 12 and 20 mph frequencies are additive If square joints – bounce Solutions: Don’t set sustained speed limits between mph Use snubbing devices on cars Use CWR Rock & Roll
Truck Hunting
Long Cars
Transportation Technology Center Pueblo, Colorado Test Tracks and Other Research Facilities