DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation. DNA Replication  The weak hydrogen bonds that hold the nitrogen bases break apart by an enzyme  The divided.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The DNA Connection.

Advertisements

DNA Replication and RNA Production Selent. Replication The process of copying DNA The two chains of nucleotides separate by unwinding and act as templates.

Section 8.3: DNA Replication

Protein Synthesis Ordinary Level. Lesson Objectives At the end of this lesson you should be able to 1.Outline the steps in protein synthesis 2.Understand.

DNA. DNA is… DNA is… –Your genetic code –What tells your cells which proteins to make and when to make them –The code that makes up your genes –Located.

A. There are three key differences between RNA and DNA 1. RNA is single stranded : DNA is double stranded 2. RNA is made of the sugar Ribose – DNA is.

DNA & RNA + PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.  DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the code inside all living organisms.  The first model of DNA was built by Watson & Crick.

DNA Structure Questions Question #1  What does A stand for?  Adenine.

Do Now Why is it important to learn about DNA and how can DNA be used to help people? NUA Notebook Check Today.

II. Replication - The process of DNA making a copy of itself.

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Transcription and Translation

A. There are three key differences between RNA and DNA 1. RNA is single stranded : DNA is double stranded 2. RNA is made of the sugar Ribose – DNA is.

DNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS CHAPTERS 9 &10. Main Idea How are proteins made in our bodies?

Chapter 10 packet: DNA and Protein Synthesis. Discovery of the structure of DNA DNA is in the shape of a double helix – discovered by Franklin & Wilkins.

2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt DNA vs RNA Replication Making Proteins.

DNA / RNA Notes. l. DNA Structure A. Chromosomes are made up of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is the master copy, or blueprint, of an organism’s.

Chapter 11 DNA Within the structure of DNA is the information for life- the complete instructions for manufacturing all the proteins for an organism. DNA.

D.N.A. DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

Protein Synthesis: DNA CONTAINS THE GENETIC INFORMATION TO PRODUCE PROTEINS BUT MUST FIRST BE CONVERTED TO RND TO DO SO.

Chapter 12 Making Proteins. Differences between RNA and DNA DNA = double strand; RNA = single strand RNA contains Ribose instead of deoxyribose. RNA uses.

Chapter From DNA to Protein.

DNA RNA DNA Replication & Transcription Translation.

RNA: Structure & Function. What is RNA? RNA is a nucleic acid called Ribonucleic Acid Functions of RNA:  RNA transfers genetic information from the nucleus.

Making a Protein. Replication Replication is the process of copying DNA for new cells Steps in Replication 1)The DNA unzips 2)Free floating nitrogen bases.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

DNA and RNA How are DNA and RNA similar? Both are nucleic acids Both are made of repeating nucleotides Both contain adenine, guanine, and cytosine bases.

Chapter 3 Cells: The Living Units DNA & RNA Lecture 7, Part 2

DNA, mRNA, and Protein Synthesis TAKS Review for April 22 test.

Molecular Genetics Information The sequence of nucleotides in DNA codes for proteins. Proteins are the central key to cell function.

DNA & Protein Synthesis. Vocabulary terms to learn: gene messenger RNA (mRNA) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transfer RNA (tRNA) transcription RNA polymerase codon.

DNA Structure DNA Replication RNA Transcription Translation.

DNA Structure and Protein Synthesis (also known as Gene Expression)

DNA How are cells structured to do the “right” thing?

Objective: to understand RNA and transcription and translation 12.3.

Structure of DNA DNA is made up of a long chain of nucleotides

YouTube - "The Gene Scene". The Structure of RNA There are three main differences between RNA and DNA. 1. The sugar in RNA is ribose instead of deoxyribose.

DNA, RNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. WHAT MAKES UP DNA? IT IS A MOLECULE COMPOSED OF CHEMICAL SUBUNITS CALLED NUCLEOTIDES.

Protein Synthesis. Review…  DNA:  Found in the nucleus  Double stranded  Contains the instructions for controlling the cell (including instructions.

Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids provide the directions for building proteins. Two main types…  DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid  Genetic material (genes) that.

DNA, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS FROM GENE TO PROTEIN.

Replication pp Quick Review (don’t need to write this)  What is DNA made of?  What type of bond holds a nucleotide together?  What type of.

DNA and Replication. Nucleic Acids: Nucleic acids are made of smaller units called nucleotides. –Each nucleotide has 3 main parts: Phosphate group Sugar.

DNA Structure and Function. What is DNA? DeoxyriboNucleic Acid DNA is a Nucleic Acid The main job of DNA is to make PROTEINS. Proteins build your body,

DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis Chapter 10. KEY PLAYERS Watson-Crick Rosalind Franklin.

DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation. DNA Replication  The weak hydrogen bonds that hold the nitrogen bases break apart by an enzyme called Helicase.

DNA AND GENETICS Chapter 12 Lesson 3. Essential Questions What is DNA? What is the role of RNA in protein production? How do changes in the sequence of.

What is a genome? The complete set of genetic instructions (DNA sequence) of a species.

Jeopardy: DNA & Protein Synthesis

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND MUTATIONS

Agenda 4/23 and 4/24 DNA replication and protein synthesis review

RNA Another Nucleic Acid.

DNA, RNA & PROTEINS The molecules of life.

Nucleic Acids Made of Nucleotides

Protein Synthesis 101 Not only does every nucleus of every cell contain the information to make a new you it also contains the information to make all.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND MUTATIONS

CHAPTER 12 Review.

Cracking the Code What is DNA?

RNA is a nucleic acid made of linked nucleotides.

REVIEW DNA DNA Replication Transcription Translation.

RNA is a nucleic acid made of linked nucleotides.

Making Proteins Transcription Translation.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND MUTATIONS

7.3 RNA and Protein Synthesis

Science Review Week 3 DNA and RNA.

Replication 12.2.

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid.

Presentation transcript:

DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation

DNA Replication  The weak hydrogen bonds that hold the nitrogen bases break apart by an enzyme  The divided strands are then replicated by their matching nitrogen bases  Your new DNA Strand is then one ‘old strand’ known as the parent strand and one ‘new strand’

Speed of Replication  DNA is replicated REALLY FAST  Human cell copies its 6 billion bases & divide into daughter cells in only few hours  Remarkably accurate  only ~1 error per 100 million bases  ~30 errors per cell cycle

Errors & Fixing  Different types of errors can happen in DNA  Ex: Deletion of nitrogen base or an insertions of nitrogen base  Proofreading enzymes correct any mistakes that occur during replication.  DNA studies have helped us solve major problems in history and in health.

RNA  RNA – RiboNucleic Acid  Made in the nucleus  RNA delivers and interprets what the DNA is saying

DNA vs. RNA  Difference #1:  DNA  double strand  RNA  single strand Difference #2:  DNA nitrogen bases: A, G, C, T  RNA nitrogen bases: A, G, C, U (Uracil)

DNA Transcription  RNA strand is made by reading one of the DNA strands  IMPORTANT!!!  When there is an Adenine base (A), it binds with Uracil (U) in RNA instead of Thymine (T)

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand:

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A U

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A U C

RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A U C C

DNA Translation  What does Translation mean?

DNA Translation  RNA is transferred out of the nucleus to the ribosome  CODON: three nitrogen bases  One Codon (in order on the RNA strand) makes ONE amino acid  Amino acids put together make a protein

Put it all together!

 agBcM agBcM

New Vocabularies Learned  Replication  RNA  DNA Transcription  DNA Translation  Codon