The Structure of Matter What are the 3 types of chemical bonds? Describe each

What is an ion? Some compounds have both covalent and ionic bonds Some compounds have both covalent and ionic bonds What are polyatomic ions? What are polyatomic ions? Groups of covalently bonded atoms that have either lost or gained electrons Groups of covalently bonded atoms that have either lost or gained electrons

Common Polyatomic Ions NaHCO 3 (baking soda) NaHCO 3 (baking soda) HCO 3 - Hydrogen Carbonate ion HCO 3 - Hydrogen Carbonate ion Na 2 CO 3 (soaps) Na 2 CO 3 (soaps) CO 3 2- carbonate ion CO 3 2- carbonate ion NaOH (soaps) NaOH (soaps) OH - Hydroxide ion OH - Hydroxide ion

Parenthesis group atoms of a polyatomic ion Ammonium Sulfate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Ammonium Sulfate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 2:1 Ratio 2:1 Ratio NH 4 NO 3 Ammonium Nitrate NH 4 NO 3 Ammonium Nitrate 1:1 Ratio 1:1 Ratio

Ions containing Oxygen The ion with less Oxygen ends in – ite, the ion with more Oxygen ends in –ate The ion with less Oxygen ends in – ite, the ion with more Oxygen ends in –ate Examples: SO 4 2- SO 3 2- NO 2 - NO 3 - NO 2 - NO 3 - ClO 3 - ClO 2 - ClO 3 - ClO 2 -