Bonding and Nomenclature Honors Coordinated Science II

Electron Configurations of Ions What does an ionic charge mean for the electron configuration of an atom?

Simple Ionic Formulas Ionic substances typically form a crystal Large group of oppositely charged ions arranged in a regular pattern. Neutrally charged

Simple Ionic Formulas To determine the formula of an ionic compound, you need to balance the positive and negative charges. What is the formula for Calcium Chloride? What is the formula for Calcium Oxide? www www

Ionic Compound Properties Hard and brittle Solid at room temperature Very High Melting Points Conduct Electricity if heated to liquid state Conduct electricity if dissolved in water or some other solvent.

Relating Structure to Properties Each ion is attracted to and bonded with all of its neighbors, so the ions have an interconnecting network of bonds holding the entire crystal together. Makes it hard and difficult to melt. Brittle because putting pressure along edges can cause the ions to shift place so that positive and negative charges are not aligned.

Polyatomic Ions A small molecule with an overall positive or negative charge.

Writing Names for Ionic Compounds Binary ionic compounds: First part of the name is just the name of the element. Second part of the name is a modified version of the name of the element. Typically, you drop the standard ending and add –ide. Example: NaF would be ___________________

Writing Names for Ionic Compounds Polyatomic Ions Sometimes have to use an ion table Otherwise, it is done the same was as it is for binary compounds. MgCO 3 = Magnesium Carbonate (NH 4 )SO 4 = Ammonium Sulfate

Common Ion Table

Naming with Transition Metals Some positive ions are followed by Roman Numerals. Describes the charge on that ion. Most transition metals form multiple charges, as do metals in groups 14 and 15. How would you write PbCl 2 ?

Naming Binary Covalent Compounds Write down the name of the compound as if it were a simple binary ionic compound. Add prefixes to each name which tell you how many of that atom are in the molecule. If there is only one atom of the first element in the molecule you can leave out the “mono” prefix. Prefix Definitions Mono = 1 Di = 2 Tri = 3 Tetra = 4 Penta = 5 Hexa = 6 Hepta = 7 Octa = 8 Nona = 9 Deca = 10

Let’s Practice! P 2 S 3 H 2 O CO N 2 O 4