Physical and chemical reactions

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Presentation transcript:

Physical and chemical reactions Compare physical & chemical changes and recognise signs of a chemical reaction

How do you know if a reaction is a physical one? Is it reversible? Yes: then it is a physical reaction Does a new substance appear? If no, then it is a physical reaction Does a substance disappear? If it has just melted then it is a physical reaction Has there been an energy change? Has it got hotter or colder? If no then it is a physical reaction

Simple examples of physical changes: Ice melting: this is a change in state and is a common physical change. All changes in state are physical reactions. Sugar dissolving: this is a physical reaction as it can be reversed. The water just needs to be evaporated off. When a substance is dissolved, it can be undissolved by removing the water through evaporation Movie Bending a nail: this can be easily reversed by unbending it A change in shape is just a physical reaction.

How do you know a reaction is a chemical reaction? Is the reaction reversible? If no then it is a chemical reaction Does a new substance appear? If yes, then it is a chemical reaction Does a substance disappear? Has it dissolved? Then it is a chemical reaction, if it has just melted then it is a physical reaction Has there been an energy change? Has it got hotter or colder? If yes then it is a chemical reaction

Examples of chemical reactions Baking a cake: this can’t be reversed, you can’t unbake a cake. Baking soda reacting with vinegar: a gas is given off, this is a new substance movie When the baking soda reacts with the vinegar it disappears: it is reacting. When some chemicals are mixed there is a change in temperature: think about an instant ice pack: the chemicals are mixed and it gets very cold.

Basic experiments: Aim: to observe a candle burning and decide where chemical and physical reactions are occuring Method: Light a candle Write down your observations Label a candle diagram showing what chemical and physical reactions are occuring

physical chemical physical chemical Results: Observations: … Conclusion: both chemical and physical reactions occur when a candle burns physical chemical physical chemical