Natural decomposition of rocks

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Presentation transcript:

Natural decomposition of rocks Weathering Natural decomposition of rocks

Evidence of Weathering Broken sidewalks Discolored rocks Rust Disintegrating statues Sandy beaches Caves Soil

Mechanical Weathering Breaks down rocks in size only. There is no change in composition of the rocks.

1. Frost Action Also called Ice Wedging. Water freezes and expands in the cracks of rocks, breaking them apart.

2. Root Pry Tree roots grow in cracks of rocks, breaking them apart.

3. Salt Crystals The growth of salt crystals in dry climate can break apart rocks.

4. Exfoliation Rocks will break off in layers due to a decrease in pressure or temp. change.

5. Burrows Earthworms help break down the rocks when air and water enter their burrows.

Chemical Weathering A process that changes the chemical composition while reducing it to smaller fragments.

1. Carbonation Carbonic acid forms from water and carbon dioxide mixing and can dissolve feldspar and calcite found in rocks. CO2 + H2O = H2CO3

2. Oxidation Water and oxygen combine with iron in the rock to form iron oxide (rust). Other metals can also be oxidized.

Magnesium Oxide

3. Hydration Water dissolves minerals in rock and Carries them away.

4. Plant Acids, such as Lichens also dissolve Rocks.

Organic Weathering Root pry Burrows Plant acids When living things help break down rocks. Root pry Burrows Plant acids

Factors Affecting Rate of Weathering Increase in temperature Amount of rainfall Freezing and thawing conditions Topography (lay of the land) Altitude Composition of rocks