Immigration from Asia Today’s LEQ: What motivated many non- European immigrants to the U.S. during the 19 th century? How did their experience compare to Euroepeans?

Immigrants Arrive from China Why? Economic Opportunities! Why? Economic Opportunities! –Helped build Transcontinental Railroad –Mined for gold in the West  “Gold Mountain” –Worked in Agriculture  Farms in CA, sugar plantations in Hawaii

Immigrants Arrive from China Most Chinese immigrants were men Most Chinese immigrants were men –They expected to work hard and return home rich but usually ended up staying in the U.S. Earned the reputation as reliable, steady workers; Employers preferred hiring them Earned the reputation as reliable, steady workers; Employers preferred hiring them –Willing to do the “stoop labor” whites not willing to do –Accepted lower pay –Created friction between working-class whites & Chinese immigrants

Reaction to Chinese Immigrants Magnet Strategy: Read the subsection, “The Exclusion Act” Shutting the Doors on the Chinese” on page 195 and record five key terms or phrases. Magnet Strategy: Read the subsection, “The Exclusion Act” Shutting the Doors on the Chinese” on page 195 and record five key terms or phrases. Exchange ideas with your shoulder partner and collaborate on a final set of key terms or phrases & a summary paragraph. Be ready to share! Exchange ideas with your shoulder partner and collaborate on a final set of key terms or phrases & a summary paragraph. Be ready to share!

Did you write down these key terms? Depression & drought Depression & drought scapegoat scapegoat Easy target Easy target Mob violence Mob violence Nativism – the policy of favoring the interests of native-born Americans over those of immigrants Nativism – the policy of favoring the interests of native-born Americans over those of immigrants racist racist Chinese Exclusion Act Chinese Exclusion Act

Angel Island: The Ellis Island of the West Designed to enforce Chinese Exclusion Act Designed to enforce Chinese Exclusion Act Located in San Francisco Located in San Francisco Asian immigrants faced horrible conditions and processing could take weeks or months Asian immigrants faced horrible conditions and processing could take weeks or months

Other Asian Immigrants Exclusion Act created labor shortages; hired more workers from Japan, Korea, & Philippines Exclusion Act created labor shortages; hired more workers from Japan, Korea, & Philippines –Faced the same discrimination  Schools were segregated in San Francisco Schools were segregated in San Francisco –Japan’s government protested and President Roosevelt became involved –Convinced San Francisco’s school board to repeal segregation order American and Japanese governments carry out secret negotiations known as the Gentlemen’s Agreement American and Japanese governments carry out secret negotiations known as the Gentlemen’s Agreement –Japanese officials agreed not to allow laborers to emigrate to the U.S. but insisted wives, children, and parents of Japanese in the U.S. be allowed to immigrate

Voices from Angel Island You’ll hear seven quotations and seven poems written by actual Chinese immigrants You’ll hear seven quotations and seven poems written by actual Chinese immigrants We’ll pause after each one. You will be asked to write a brief poem about that Chinese immigrant’s experience We’ll pause after each one. You will be asked to write a brief poem about that Chinese immigrant’s experience You’ll be using your mini-poems for an activity at the end (hint, hint) You’ll be using your mini-poems for an activity at the end (hint, hint)

Example Locked in a box with only room to think. Locked in a box with only room to think. Feeling depressed; must cope with my ink. Feeling depressed; must cope with my ink.

Tying it all together… You’ll be tying together your “mini poems” You’ll be tying together your “mini poems” Be sure to address the experiences of Chinese immigrants on Angel Island and portray feelings the detainees might have had about their detention. Be sure to address the experiences of Chinese immigrants on Angel Island and portray feelings the detainees might have had about their detention. Requirements: Requirements:  12 lines minimum  Add in 3 appropriate images that illustrate the lines of your poem. They may be placed anywhere on the page.