By Ms. Thompson CONFLICTING VIEWPOINTS Visions for reuniting the nation after the Civil War

Menu Why is it important to know perspectives? THEN: Take a quiz at the end to see what you’ve discovered! FIRST: to learn about the four groups/people and their visions about the Reconstruction, CLICK HERE! Feel free to take notes on your graphic organizer. To access references used CLICK HERE! Access the quiz by clicking HERE!

Question 1 Who taught at and later became the president of Washington College? Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeRadical RepublicansFrederick Douglass

CORRECT! Robert E. Lee taught at and later became the president of Washington College After the northern forces surrounded his army, Lee surrendered and eventually took a position at Washington College, which after his death would change their name to Washington and Lee College in his memory. Read more: GO TO QUESTION 2http:// GO TO QUESTION 2

Question 2 Who spoke for human and civil liberties amongst the living – regardless of race or gender? Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeRadical RepublicansFrederick Douglass

CORRECT! Frederick Douglass spoke for human and civil liberties regardless of race or gender Frederick Douglass was the spokesperson for abolition (the end of slavery) and equality. He persevered through an early life of slavery to become a celebrated speaker and writer. Relating his experiences as a victim of cruelty, Douglass maintained a strongly moral conviction in undoing the evil of slavery and establishing equality for people of both sexes and all races. He wrote autobiographical works and founded newspapers, including the North Star in 1847 which held the motto "Right is of no sex. Truth is of no color. God is the Father of us all, and we are all Brethren.“ Read more: GO TO QUESTION 3http:// GO TO QUESTION 3

Question 3 Who had the perspective that Southerners need to reconcile and not continue to fight? Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeRadical RepublicansFrederick Douglass

CORRECT! Robert E. Lee had the perspective that Southerners need to reconcile and not continue to fight. In his years at Washington College, Lee taught his students about the importance of working to reunite the states and about how they should teach their children to be unified citizens, with no ill feelings towards the north. In fact, Lee often taught about how war should be avoided at all costs and how war was the saddest and should be the last method ever employed. Read more: GO TO QUESTION 4http:// GO TO QUESTION 4

Question 4 Who had a desire to punish the South for wanting to reunite the country and coming together as one nation? Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeRadical RepublicansFrederick Douglass

CORRECT! The Radical Republicans had a desire to punish the South for wanting to reunite the country and coming together as one nation! Both Lincoln and Johnson had foreseen that the Congress would have the right to deny Southern legislators seats in the U.S. Senate or House of Representatives, under the clause of the Constitution that says "Each house shall be the judge of the...qualifications of its own members." This came to pass when, under the leadership of the "Radical Republicans" refused to seat its elected senators and representatives. Read more: GO TO QUESTION 5http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-68.htm GO TO QUESTION 5

Question 5 Who divided the South into five separate military districts, putting a Union general in charge of each one? Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeRadical RepublicansFrederick Douglass

CORRECT! It was the Radical Republicans who divided the South into five separate military districts, putting a Union general in charge of each one. In response, certain groups in the North advocated intervention to protect the rights of blacks in the South. In the Reconstruction Act of March 1867, Congress, ignoring the governments that had been established in the Southern states, divided the South into five districts and placed them under military rule. Escape from permanent military government was open to those states that established civil governments, took an oath of allegiance, ratified the 14th Amendment and adopted black suffrage. Read more: GO TO QUESTION 6http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-68.htm GO TO QUESTION 6

Question 6 In March of 1865, who delivered these words: “Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away.... With malice toward none, with charity for all,... let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds,... to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations. “ Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeFrederick DouglassRadical Republicans

CORRECT! Lincoln stated: “With malice toward none, with charity for all,... let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds,... “ In March 1865, at his second inaugural, who delivered this speech that might be described as one of the finest in the English language. Once again, as President, he was looking into the future of the country and our nation. Six weeks later, on the night of 14 April 1865, Good Friday, the president was shot while attending a performance at Ford's Theater in Washington. He died nine hours later. He thus did not live to see how difficult it would be to create a "new life," a "new birth of freedom," in a new America. Read more: Plans for reconstruction - Abraham Lincoln - war, second GO TO QUESTION 7Plans for reconstruction - Abraham Lincoln - war, secondhttp:// GO TO QUESTION 7

Question 7 Who valued voting rights and fought for the adoption of the 15 th constitutional amendment? Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeRadical RepublicansFrederick Douglass

CORRECT! It was Douglass who valued voting rights and fought for the adoption of the 15 th constitutional amendment. During the Reconstruction Douglass was a leader in supporting passage of the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870, which extended voting rights to African American males, and the efforts of Congress to ensure protection of the rights of these freedmen. Read more: GO TO QUESTION 8http:// GO TO QUESTION 8

Question 8 The idea behind this man/group was that emancipation and preserving the Union not only liberated the African- Americans, but Whites as well Abraham LincolnRobert E. LeeRadical RepublicansFrederick Douglass

CORRECT! It was Lincoln who’s idea was that emancipation and preserving the Union not only liberated the African-Americans, but southern Whites as well. Nowhere would this new life be more beneficial than in the war- ravaged South. There, Lincoln knew, more than in the rest of the country, the interests of blacks and whites were intertwined, and he had come to nurture a faith that the two races would learn to cooperate. Emancipation, Lincoln believed, did not merely liberate the blacks but also the whites. It made the American dream also a southern dream, resulting in prosperity for all. In the midst of the hatreds of war, he took pleasure, in private, in creating a "word painting of what the South would be when the war was over, slavery destroyed, and she had an opportunity to develop her resources." Read more: Plans for reconstruction - Abraham Lincoln - war, second Lincoln-Plans-for-reconstruction.html#ixzz1Q3h7JJgq END QUIZPlans for reconstruction - Abraham Lincoln - war, secondhttp:// Lincoln-Plans-for-reconstruction.html#ixzz1Q3h7JJgq END QUIZ

So that you can know who is who… Follow these Links to explore some famous people and their vision on the Reconstruction! Once you are done reading, select “back” to go to the beginning of the quiz! Back to menu Find out what was Lee’s Vision HERE Find out what was Lincoln’s Vision HERE Find out what the Radical Republican’s Vision was HERE Find out what was Douglass’ Vision HERE Reuniting The Nation

References IMAGES Slide 1 Slide 2 Puzzle Piecehttp:// Lincolnhttp:// Douglasshttp://declaringamerica.com/douglass-what-to-the-slave-is-the-fourth-of-july-1852/ Leehttp://richmondthenandnow.com/Newspaper-Articles/Robert-E-Lee-Book.htmlhttp://richmondthenandnow.com/Newspaper-Articles/Robert-E-Lee-Book.html Granthttp:// WRITTEN INFORMATION Lincoln Lee Douglasshttp:// Radical Republicanshttp://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-68.htmhttp://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-68.htm Back to menu

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