200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt System TheoriesThe SciencesElementsRandom

Systems The original source of most of the energy on Earth is the –A. oceans –B. forests –C. sun –D. food web

Systems C. sun

Systems An open system is a system in which energy and matter are exchanged with the environment. Which of the following is not an open system? –A. the atmosphere –B. a bottle of water –C. a river –D. a fish bowl

Systems B. a bottle of water

Systems When meteorologists watch clouds form, they are –A. creating theories –B. forming conclusions –C. conducting experiments –D. gathering observations

Systems D. gathering observations

Systems The boundary within the Earth between the crust and the lithosphere is known as the –A. Moho –B. rim –C. core –D.mantle

Systems D. mantle

Systems Which of the following describes Earth as a closed system? –A. The amount of energy in the system is constant –B. energy is transferred to and from Earth but matter is not –C. energy is neither created nor destroyed in the Earth system –D. both energy and matter are exchanged with Earth’s system

Systems B. energy is transferred to and from Earth but matter is not

Theories Which of the following is NOT an example of a hypothesis that can be tested with an experiment? –A. nonliving things do not grow and develop –B. lipids do not mix with water –C. plant cells contain DNA –D. rocks do not need a place to live

Theories D. rocks do not need a place to live

Theories Which of the following best descibes a scientific theory? –A. A statement of fact –B. An explanation that is consistent with all extensive tests and observation –C. a limited explanation that explains some observations –D. A collection of observations linked by a common theme

Theories B. An explanation that is consistent with all extensive tests and observations

Theories An oceanographer tracks ocean currents, noting how materials are transported from one place to another. A biologist uses this information to predict the movement of oil spill by a tanker. This is an example of –A. experimentation –B. a scientific law –C. scientist keeping information private to protect research funding –D. how the study of earth science might contribute to the survival of the biosphere

Theories D. how the study of earth science might contribute to the survival of the biosphere

Theories The German scientist Alfred Wegner hypothesized that the Earths continents slowly drifted over millions of years to their present locations. Which of the following could NOT have been used to support this hypothesis? –A. chemical analysis of rocks –B. photographic record of ancient landmass –C. scale models –D. analysis of coastlines

Theories B. photographic record of ancient landmass

Theories Imagine that a scientist consistently finds that an experiment produces data that disagrees with a hypothesis. What should the next step be? –A. modify the hypothesis and retest –B. discard the hypothesis –C. continue to conduct the same experiment –D. conduct a new experiment with more predictable results

Theories A. modify the hypothesis and retest

The Sciences A scientist who studies the motions of the planets is a(n) –A. Oceanographer –B. Meteorologist –C. Astronomer –D. Geologist

The Sciences C. Astronomer

The Sciences An environmental scientist would be most concerned with –A. how mountains form –B. predicting hurricanes –C. analyzing pollution levels –D. observing animal populations

The Sciences C. analyzing pollution levels

The Sciences Water, land, clouds, and the atmosphere absorb most solar radiation. What happens to most of the remaining radiation? –A. the energy is destroyed –B. the energy is reflected back into space –C. the energy is absorbed by plants and animals –D. the energy is converted by photosynthesis

The Sciences C. the energy is absorbed by plants and animals

The Sciences The part of an experiment that can be changed by the person conducting the experiment is called the –A. independent variable –B. control group –C. hypothesis –D. dependent variable

The Sciences B. control group

Sciences The four main branches of Earth science are –A. geology, paleontology, meteorology, and astronomy –B. geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy –C. chemistry, geology, astronomy, and climatology –D. geology, oceanography, physics, and sociology

Sciences B. geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy

Elements Which one of the following elements is stored in the Earth in buried animal and plant remains? –A. iron –B. nitrogen –C. carbon –D. phosphorus

Elements C. carbon

Elements Phosphorous, carbon, and nitrogen all return to the Earth through what processes? –A. reflection and radiation –B. combustion –C. Erosion and run-off –D. animal excretion and decomposition

Elements D. animal excretion and decomposition

Elements The process of nitrogen fixing in soil involves –A. nitrogen being created by photosynthesis –B. bacteria in soil that chemically alter nitrogen –C. the conversion of CO2 into carbohydrates –D. the flow of nitrogen through underground channels

Elements B. bacteria in soil that chemically alter nitrogen

Elements What can happen when water vapor in the atmosphere looses energy? –A. the vapor condenses in to clouds or rain –B. it heats and disperses –C. the water evaporates –D. a tornado forms

Elements A. the vapor condenses in to clouds or rain

Elements What process is responsible for transfer of matter and energy in the asthenosphere? –A. convection –B. radiation –C. the carbon cycle –D. the phosphorus cycle

Elements A. convection

Random Why is Earth’s interior warmer then the surface? –A. solar radiation is being lost due to absorption –B. cooler materials sink into the Earth, cooling its interior –C. the sun is cooling down –D. there is radioactive decay and compression in the Earth, which heats its interior

Random D. there is radioactive decay and compression in the Earth, which heats its interior

Random What is the source of energy that generates weather and climate patterns on Earth? –A. solar radiation –B. volcanic eruption –C. radioactive decay –D. gravitational pull of the sun and the moon

Random D. gravitational pull of the sun and the moon

Random What is the solid part of Earth called? –A. biosphere –B.atmosphere –C.hydrosphere –D. geosphere

Random D. geosphere

Random The amount of inprecision in an experiment is known as –A. scale –B. model –C. error –D. value

Random C. error

Random About 2/3 of the Earth is covered by –A. the mojo –B. the crust –C. trees –D. oceans

Random D. oceans