DNA Structure.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA Structure

OBJECTIVES Describe 3 parts of a NUCLEOTIDE Describe a DNA molecule Demonstrate COMPLIMENTARY base pairing

DNA is Genetic Material DNA stands for: DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID Controls protein production in cells Made up of many genes which control traits

Why DNA is Important Passes genetic information from generation to generation Traits are controlled by DNA DNA replicates with little error Can’t live with out DNA because it part of everything in the body

DNA structure PO4 DNA is a double Helix Meaning DNA has two strands. It looks like a twisted ladder DNA is polymer made up of units called NUCLEOTIDES PO4

DNA Structure PO4 A molecule of DNA is formed by millions monomers called nucleotides joined together in a long chain PO4 PO4 PO4

Nucleotide Structure 3 important parts: Phosphate group Sugar (Deoxyribose) Nitrogenous base (G,C,A,T) Phosphate & sugar make up the “backbone”.

4 Nitrogenous Bases ADENINE (A) THYMINE (T) CYTOSINE (C) GUANINE (G)

2 PURINES The PURINES form hydrogen bonds with the PYRIMIDINES

PYRIMIDINES Big name, small structure

Base Pairing ADENINE always pairs with THYMINE Notice the number of hydrogen bonds formed CYTOSINE always pairs with GUANINE

DNA structure Each strand is COMPLEMENTARY to the other

Complementary Strands PO4 If we know the DNA sequence of one strand, we can predict the DNA sequence of it’s complement C G T C A A G T G G T T C A A C PO4 PO4 PO4 PO4 PO4 PO4 PO4 PO4

DNA Structure DNA strands are ANTI-PARALLEL Phosphates run in different directions

What to do next Complete worksheet in class When done call me over so I can stamp your sheet Homework: BRING YOUR BOOK TO CLASS!!

Replication http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter14/animations.html#