3.6.12

1. Drill – List three specific reasons to support or disagree with the following statement (you may use your book): Adolf Hitler was a great leader. 2. Homework – Read and answer the two questions on Kristallnacht on page Test on Friday

17.3 continued… Hitler and Nazi Germany I. Hitler and His Views  Born in Austria in 1889  Served in WWI for 4 years  1923, sent to jail for trying to seize power from the Weimar Republic.  Wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) which outlined his plans (nationalism, anticommunism and Social Darwinism)

 Rise of Nazism  Expanded NAZI power when out of prison  By 1932 was largest power in Reichstag  Depression/unemployment made NAZI party popular  30% of the German workforce was unemployed by (5.5 million)

 Hitler promised a new Germany  Nazis take control  Hitler granted chancellorship legally in 1933  Reichstag (parliament) passed the enabling act – gave Hitler dictatorial power for 4 years  7 months later, Germany was a totalitarian state: trade unions dissolved and no other political parties remained. Anyone who opposed Hitler sent to a concentration camps.

II. The Nazi State, 1933 – 1939  Hitler wanted to create a German empire: The Third Reich  Believed that Germans were true descendents of Aryans (used word incorrectly)  Created totalitarian regime using:  Economic policies  Mass spectacles  Organizations  terror

 The State and Terror  SS = Hitler’s personal bodyguards directed by Heinrich Himmler  2 principles:  Terror (secret police, criminal police, execution squads, concentration camps etc.)  Ideology (to further the Aryan race)

 Economics and Spectacles  Hitler’s rearmament program and public works projects solved unemployment problem  Unemployment was cut down by 50% within 2 years  By 1937 only 500,000 remained unemployed  Made Hitler popular  Nazis controlled churches, schools and universities  Had mass rallies to evoke enthusiasm

 Women and Nazism  Expected to be wives and moms  Anti-Semitic Policies  Nuremberg Laws – defined anyone w/ 1 Jewish grandparent as a Jew, excluded Jews from citizenship, issued ID cards, made Jews wear stars and prohibited Jews from teaching  Kristallnacht – “night of shattered glass”, 7,000 Jewish businesses destroyed, 100 Jews killed, 30,000 rounded up and sent to concentration camps

 Jews then barred from public transportation, schools and hospitals. Not allowed to work in or own retail stores.  Had to clean up damage from Kristallnacht  Jews encouraged to emigrate (move away) from Germany