From Nomad to Farmer

Curriculum Objectives M1C1 Explain the sequence of human development from hunter gatherers to builders of great civilizations. SSH1 M1C1 Explain the sequence of human development from hunter gatherers to builders of great civilizations. SSH1 MDL14A Define Key vocabulary associated with ancient times. Content Detail: Civilization, culture, polytheistic, hunter gatherers, religion, irrigation, government, technology, economy, prehistoric, homo- sapiens, BC & AD, region. MDL14A Define Key vocabulary associated with ancient times. Content Detail: Civilization, culture, polytheistic, hunter gatherers, religion, irrigation, government, technology, economy, prehistoric, homo- sapiens, BC & AD, region. Bermuda Social Studies Curriculum

Vocabulary Hunter gathers Hunter gathers Surplus Surplus Agriculture Agriculture Civilization Civilization Revolution Revolution Domestication Domestication Pre-historic Pre-historic

The Agricultural Revolution and the rise of Civilization 1 Before history and Before agriculture Or CONDITIONSCONDITIONS

Early man were Hunter gatherers

Hunter - Gatherers The earliest groups of people survived by hunting… gathering food to fulfill their basic needs And They lived in a simple society. 2

Hunter Gatherers hunted big game animals and added to their diet with berries, seeds, roots...

In hunting and gathering cultures, women usually do most of the gathering, while the men specialize in hunting.

Question to Consider As you watch this presentation think: As you watch this presentation think: “How did geography affect the growth of ancient civilization?”

The life of a hunter gatherer Hunter gathers had to continuously wandering around looking for food to satisfy their hunger. Hence….. They did not stay in one place for long. They did not build houses, schools, churches, stores, roads etc. People who never settle in one spot are called …. NOMADS 3

Then…  There was a fantastic discovery……that greatly changed the way people live !!!!!  People discovered AGRICULTURE (Agriculture is the growing of plants from seed). They also learned how to domesticate (tame) Animals like the cow which became a constant source of food.  This lead to … 4

Domestication of Animals

In contrast to hunting and gathering as a mode of life, agriculture means modifying the environment in order to exploit it more effectively. Agriculture alters both the animals and plants it domesticates. Ultimately, it changes the very landscape itself.

The Agricultural Revolution

I don’t get it !! What’s so important about A bunch of seeds turning into plants? How could they affect people lives? 5

You see…The ability to grow their own food and raise live stock changed peoples lives greatly. People no longer had to wander around searching for food, they could stay in one place and develop more complex societies called civilizations. 7

So…as a result of Agriculture Man went from this….. Man went from this….. To this…… To this…… 8

Society went from this… Living in portable accommodation Living in portable accommodation To permanent settlement To permanent settlement Simple societyComplex society 9

Okay, now I get it! The discovery of agriculture meant people could stay in one place and develop new things to improve their lives. This ‘change’ in ‘life style’ from hunting to farming is what we call the ‘agricultural revolution.’ But Why did all the first civilizations begin in river valleys? 10

Civilizations did begin in river valleys, but before I tell you why….. Let’s explain in more detail what a civilization is…. 11

What is a civilization? Art & Architecture System of Writing Roads and bridges Cities Organized Religion and sports Social Classes Wealthy, middle,poor Different Jobs, Money & Trade All these developed because of agriculture ! Central government 12 A Complex Society

But why did the first (Complex societies) civilizations begin in river valleys?  All Rivers first begin in the mountains.  As it rains in the mountains the spill off that runs down & forms rivers.  As rivers run of mountains they pick up silt, minerals and other nutrients. 13

When the rivers reach the flat land of the river valley……. The water slows and deposits (drops) silt, minerals and nutrients which forms rich, fertile soil. This land is great for Agriculture! 14

That explains why the oldest civilizations in the world began first in Mesopotamia (Iraq) and then Egypt. Both countries have rivers running through them. 15

Nile River Tigris Euphrates 16

That’s the end!!!

Your task Write three to four paragraphs explaining the term… “Agricultural Revolution” Use the outline that follow to assist you…

Outline: To further assist you, answer these questions in your paragraphs and sentences. Introduction Introduction What are the basic necessities of life? What are the basic necessities of life? How did the early people satisfy these basic necessities? (What are hunter-gatherers)? How did the early people satisfy these basic necessities? (What are hunter-gatherers)? What are nomads? What are nomads? Paragraph One Paragraph One What is agriculture? What is agriculture? What is the meaning of the word Revolution? What is the meaning of the word Revolution? How did agriculture affect or change the lives of Nomads? How did agriculture affect or change the lives of Nomads? Paragraph Two Paragraph Two What is a civilization? What is a civilization? What caused the rise of civilization? What caused the rise of civilization? Paragraph Three Paragraph Three Where did the first civilizations begin? Where did the first civilizations begin? Why did the first civilizations begin in river valleys? Why did the first civilizations begin in river valleys? What rivers flowed through the lands where the first civilizations began? What rivers flowed through the lands where the first civilizations began? Paragraph four (Summary or conclusion) Paragraph four (Summary or conclusion) Complete this sentence: “ The agricultural revolution greatly changed the lives of people because...” Complete this sentence: “ The agricultural revolution greatly changed the lives of people because...”

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