North vs. South

There were larger cities and towns - Urban way of life There were more Small towns and farms - Rural way of life People live of farms People work in factories Did not like lowering tariffs on goods imported from other counties More people work on farms Happy about lowering tariffs on goods imported from other countries Experiencing Sectionalism North vs. South Slavery was allowed Slavery was mostly outlawed

THE SOUTH’S POINT OF VIEWTHE NORTH’S POINT OF VIEW  Slaves grew lots of crops such as cotton, tobacco, and rice.  Slavery was profitable to the economy.  The goods an enslaved person produced brought in twice as much money as the cost of owning the slave.  Slaves were better off than factory workers. (bad conditions; long hours, little pay)  Abolitionists believed it was wrong for one human to own another.  Many slaves were mistreated.  Slaves did not have the same rights as a free white man.

 No choices  No control over who bought them  Beaten or abused  Families were broken apart  No control over their life  Slave Codes – laws to control the behavior of slaves

 Refuse to obey or work  Work slowly or pretend to be sick  Broke tools that were needed  Learn to read or write

 Nat Turner  Amistad  Underground Railroad

“I’ll give you California if you pass the Fugitive Slave Law ”

Nebraska and Kansas were located north of the Missouri Compromise line. To be fair, they allowed the people living in each territory to vote to be a slave state or a free state. People from other states rushed to settle in Kansas so that they could vote. Violence broke out!

“Uncle Tom’s Cabin” written by Harriet Beecher Stowe

John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry

“We must not be enemies” -Lincoln

 The Battle of Fort Sumter  Confederacy victory  As a result, Lincoln calls for troops to take down the Confederacy.  Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina secede.

Fort Sumter

The North  The North produced more than 90% of the country’s weapons, cloth, shoes, and iron.  They had far more railroads, canals, and roads.  They had more $$$ The South  They believed that their more rural way of life would better prepare soldiers.  They had a history of producing military leaders

The North  Three Step Plan by Winfield Scott  1. blockade of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts.  2. Capture territory along the Mississippi River.  3. Anaconda Plan - Attack the Confederacy from the east and west squeezing them like a snake.

The South  They believed they only had to defend their territory until the Northerners got tired and gave up.  They believed Britain would assist them in the war because they depended on their cotton.

The First Battle of Bull Run  At first the Union was winning.  Confederate soldiers began to turn back.  Their General told them to hold their place like a stone wall.  He became known as Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson.  The Confederacy won this battle.

Bull Run Fort Sumter

The Battle of Antietam  General Robert E. Lee lead the Confederacy  Lee was asked to join the Union army, but refused.  This was an important victory for the Union.  After losing this battle, Great Britain stopped supporting the Confederacy.

Antietam Bull Run Fort Sumter

Soldiers Physically hard day-to-day life Little supplies Drafts African Americans First allowed to join the Union army in 1962 Emancipation Proclamation Women Ran farms and businesses Became teachers and office workers Became involved in the war – spies, nurses, gathered supplies

 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania  Union victory  Turned the tide of the war in favor of the Union.  Lincoln’s speech “The Gettysburg Address” inspired the Union to keep fighting

Gettysburg Antietam Bull Run Fort Sumter

The Battle of Vicksburg  Union was lead by Ulysses S. Grant.  This battle cut the Confederacy in two using a blockade and taking control over the Mississippi River.

Gettysburg Antietam Bull Run Fort Sumter Vicksburg

 Total War – to destroy not just the opposing army but the people’s will to fight.  Marched 300 miles toward Savannah, Georgia.  60 mile-wide path of destruction.

Gettysburg Antietam Bull Run Fort Sumter Sherman’s March Vicksburg

 Where: Appomattox Court House, Virginia  When: April 9, 1865 “The war is over; the rebels are our countrymen again.” -Ulysses S. Grant