Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 1 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Reflected Solar Science Summary

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 2 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Follow same philosophy as yesterday’s IR discussion Review –RS science related to benchmarking and reference intercalibration –How to achieve SI traceability –Technical readiness –Requirements –Way forward to writing the RS science summary Reflected Solar Science Studies summary overview RS discussion goals

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 3 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Reflected solar fingerprinting studies: Clear-sky and all-sky B. Collins/D. Feldman(30 min) Reflected solar radiative kernels & applications to solar fingerprinting Z. Jin (30 min) Truths status K. Thome for N. Fox (30 min) D. Young (30 min) –Break10:15-10:45 Reflected solar reference intercalibration method and sampling C. Lukashin (45 min) RS orbit sampling D. Doelling (30 min) –Lunch12:00-13:30 Summary of APS on CLARREO Study & review for NASA HQ Achieving SI traceability in orbitK. Thome(30 min) –Break14:30-15:00 Reflected solar instrument requirements, design, traceability, technical readiness, NIST activitiesK. Thome(60 min) Science value matrixB. Wielicki(>45 min) –Adjourn17:15 Reflected Solar Science Studies summary overview Agenda summary

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 4 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Include surface BRDF model (spatial and temporal) for RS benchmark studies Completion of OSSE studies –Extend to all sky, sun-synch case –Extend to other orbits Determine difference in globally-averaged zonal, hemispheric-directional reflectance between sun-synchronous orbit and precessing orbit –Nadir view –Annual –Monthly –Goal: Evaluate whether interannual variability varies with orbit selection Completion of science requirements reports for RS sensor by May 29 (even if only in rough form) Mission concept study including IR precessing orbit and RS sun-synchronous

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 5 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Climate OSSE study –Modeling effort for a sun-synchronous case at 1:30 pm crossing has been completed  Surface BRDF has been included  Method to account for land-surface changes with time (snow and ice cover)  Consistency checks give confidence that model is being run properly –Future work  Fingerprinting/spectral projection »Signatures of gases and aerosols are tough to pull out except for H2O »Clouds appear to be more straightforward to pull out  Alternate orbits  Pan-spectral techniques Fingerprinting work –Reflectance better than radiance since normalization allows spectral features to be drawn out. –Developed kernels from currently-available data sets –Success of kernel-based approach demonstrated on the test cases  Perturbing kernels with errors lead to similar results but with more uncertainty in the results  Knowing the cloud fraction in the retrievals reduces uncertainties in other retrievals Summary of RS talks

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 6 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Intercalibration –Understand number of samples needed to calibrate other sensors to 0.3% accuracy based on factors including  Monthly gain and offset and seasonal polarization sensitivity determination  Time scales and autocorrelation length means individual intercal error can be 1.2% –Noise simulation shows current SNR requirements are sufficient to do the reference intercalibration –Gaps in the ability to sample certain polarization angles and degrees of polarization are not an issue since VIIRS-like sensor will also not sample these combintaions Sampling and orbital configuration evaluation –CERES data sets normalize the geo-stationary fluxes to fill temporal gaps –Convert fluxes to radiances using CERES angular directional models –Trends identified beyond natural variability with 2 sensors in precessing orbit  Depends on spatial averaging scale  Single sun-synchronous is slightly better than single 90-degree  Two sun-syncs not as good 2 precessing for annual sampling for 10deg average  Can't get at regional trends with single platform –Further studies to evaluate impact of intercalibration and solar/lunar calibration  Intercalibration does not occur randomly  Early look shows degradation is not significant but need further quantification Summary of RS talks

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 7 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page SI traceability –Improved understanding of methods needed to achieve the 0.3% accuracy requirement –Laboratory work has demonstrated the capabilities needed –Exist multiple approaches to take laboratory capability to orbit  Detector-based  Source-based  Sensor-model methodology –CLARREO will rely on a source-based method (sun) with sensor model to transfer laboratory calibration to orbit RS instrument overview –Current design going into MCR will be a two-box spectrometer approach  Risk of two-box approach predominantly in characterization/calibration  Mass and cost meet DAC-5 study guidelines –Design meets requirements  Better quantification of accuracy error budget required  Science summary will communicate requirements to community

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 8 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Draft outline of RS Science report follows format of Bruce’s input to TRUTHS proposal Science Requirements/Value (science & policy) Science Value and Mission Requirements – Background –Accuracy required for decadal change observations/rationale –Uncertainty in climate sensitivity dominated by uncertainty in cloud feedback (directly related to decadal changes in cloud radiative forcing) –IPCC Report and expected trends support accuracy requirement – “Back of Envelope Calculations” –Ratio of accuracy of actual observing system relative to perfect climate observing system –Sampling results/Errors in observing system relative to natural variability  Natural variability strong function of time/space scale  Dependence of trend accuracy on CLARREO calibration accuracy Science summaries

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 9 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Reference Intercalibration –Background –Matching spectral response to the instrument being calibrated –Time/Space/Angle matching of TRUTHS and the instrument being calibrated –Determining Polarization Dependence of the Instrument Being Calibrated –Determining Spectral Response Change of Broadband Instruments –Determining Orbits and Sampling Required for Reference Intercalibration Nadir Reflectance Spectral Climate Change Benchmarks –Optical fingerprinting background –Optical fingerprinting as applied to reflected solar spectra –Discussion of radiative kernel method –Results Calibration approaches –SI traceability –Error budgets Technical approach of the instrument –Satisfaction of Level 1 & 2 requirements –Risk assessment and mitigations –TRLs Science summary outline

Integrated Mission Review 28Jan108Jan10: N - 10 Use or disclosure of the data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the IMR cover page Preliminary research currently going on –Collecting relevant publications and science reports –Identify probable questions from review boards and science community –Request updated science reports and relevant publications from science team (7/26 deadline for receipt of information) Finalize outline over next week –Will solicit comments from subset of science team –Meeting with CLARREO project on July 23 Writing of document –First draft released for comment August 6 –Comments from subset of science team due August 13 –Revision, submission, formatting Document delivered Aug. 30 Science summary schedule