Figure 43.1 An overview of the body's defenses

Figure 43.3x Macrophage

Phagocytes Are large cells that attack antigens in your body They engulf antigens and destroy them Use lysosomes to destroy the antigens

Figure 43.5 A simplified view of the inflammatory response

Do I know you? Your immunity cells, like the phagocyte, don’t attack your own body cells This is because your body cells have markers on them Your immunity cells attack antigens because they don’t have the right markers on them.

Antigens

Figure 43.6 Clonal selection

Figure Effector mechanisms of humoral immunity

Active Immunity Active immunity occurs when your OWN body makes memory cells. These cells stay in the body and attack the antigen if it enters the body again This prevents you from getting the same illness Ex. Chicken pox Active immunity can be obtained by vaccinations

Figure 43.x2 Vaccination

Passive Immunity Passive immunity is when you DON’T make your own memory cells An example of passive immunity is when you receive medicine like antibiotics You only have temporary immunity Once the medicine leaves your body you can get sick again

Question During pregnancy, a mother’s immune system protects the growing baby by creating antibodies and giving them to the baby. Is this active or passive immunity?

Figure 43.6 Clonal selection

AIDS Caused by a virus called HIV HIV attacks and kills helper T cells Helper T cells cause the B cells to copy themselves to fight off antigens