Anatomy of an Atom Nucleus – The central part of an atom made up of Protons and Neutrons. Neutron – Particle found in the nucleus which has No Electrical.

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Presentation transcript:

Anatomy of an Atom Nucleus – The central part of an atom made up of Protons and Neutrons. Neutron – Particle found in the nucleus which has No Electrical Charge, and a mass about the same size as a Proton. Proton – Particle in the nucleus, which has a Positive Electrical Charge. Electron – Particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom and has a Negative Electrical Charge. They move more rapidly around the outer areas of the atom. Their arrangement determines the chemical properties of an atom.

Atoms are made up of pieces particlesymbol “relative” mass “relative” charge location protonp+p+ 1+1nuclear neutronnono 10nuclear electrone-e- negligibleextra nuclear

“relative” vs. “absolute” particle “relative” mass “absolute” mass “relative” charge “absolute” charge p+p x g x C nono x g00 e-e- negligible9.09 x g-1.60 x C

The Periodic Table various atoms are arranged on The Periodic Table Over 100 various kinds of building blocks exist

Looking at an example we find all sorts of information. 6C Carbon Atomic Number Symbol Atomic Mass

Atomic number Atomic number (a.k.a. proton number) Indicates the # of p + ’s an atom has Identification Tag of the element example: each and every C atom has 6 p + ’s 5 p + ’s would make it B 7 p + ’s would make it N

Symbol The abbreviated shorthand used to represent a particular atom Rules Atoms are represented by a 1, 2, or in some cases 3 letter Arabic letter code. The 1 st letter is always capitalized; the others (if there are any) are always expressed in the lower case.

Be careful using symbols Po  PO

Atomic Mass Indicates the amount of matter present in an atom Mass = ( # p + ) + ( # n o ) + (# e - ) But considering the negligible mass of the electron Mass = ( # p + ) + ( # n o )

Looking back at the original example: 6C Carbon #charge p+p nono 6 0 e

Example #2 47Ag Silver #charge p+p nono 61 0 e

Review problem #1 Fill in the chart below 92U Uranium #charge p+p+ nono e-

Review problem #2 How many protons are in the following atom? 10Ne Neon

Review problem #3 How many neutrons are in the following atom? 11Na Sodium

Review problem #4 How many electrons are in the following “neutral” atom? 3Li Lithium 6.941