India

Vocabulary Section One A subcontinent is a large landmass that is part of a continent but is separate from it. Sanskrit is the written language developed by the Aryans in India. A prince who led an Aryan tribe in India is a raja. A caste is a social group that a person is born into and cannot alter. A guru is a religious teacher and spiritual guide in the religion of Hinduism.

Vocabulary Section Two The system of religion that grew out of the religion of the Aryans was Hinduism. In Hinduism, the universal spirit of which all gods and goddesses are different parts is Brahman. Reincarnation is the rebirth of the soul or spirit in a different body. Dharma is the divine law that requires people to perform the duties of their caste in Hinduism.

Vocabulary Section Two (continued) Karma is the good or bad energy a person builds up based upon whether he or she lives a good or bad life, in the religion of Hinduism. Buddhism is a religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama the Budda which taught the way to find truth was to give up all desires. In Buddhism, a state a wisdom and freedom from the cycle of rebirth is nirvana. A government headed by religious leaders is theocracy.

Vocabulary Section Three A line of rulers from the same family is a dynasty. A stupa is a Buddihist shrine that is shaped like a dome. A person who travels to go to a religious shrine or site is a pilgrim.

Priests Warriors, Rulers Common People Servants Untouchables Social Classes In India, near the bottom of the social scale were servants who mainly acted like the slaves. At the very bottom were untouchables who were homeless.

India History 3000 B.C.: The Harappan Civilization Began 1500 B.C.: The Aryans Invade India 563 B.C.: The Buddha was born the Himalayan 518 B.C.: The Persians invade India 483 B.C.: The Buddha died at age B.C.: Alexander the Great invaded India 321 B.C.: The Mauryan dynasty began 273 B.C.: The Asoka began to rule India 183 B.C.: The last Mauryan ruler was killed 320 A.D.: The Gupta empire began

Major achievements with most enduring legacies. Farming. Learning to use soil to grow crops is when farming started and s still with us today. Hinduism. One of the oldest religions in the world and is still practiced today and is the third largest religion Algebra. One of the first mathematicians of the empire used algebra and it is still being learned and taught in our society today. Astronomy. Ancient Indians followed mapped movements of planets and stars. They understood many things like gravity and that the Earth was round.