THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION. CREATION OF A NEW WORLDVIEW  Questioning of old knowledge & assumptions  Gradual replacement of religious & superstition.

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Presentation transcript:

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

CREATION OF A NEW WORLDVIEW  Questioning of old knowledge & assumptions  Gradual replacement of religious & superstition presumptions  Gradual rise of science & reason

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION NEW DIRECTIONS IN ASTRONOMY & PHYSICS  PTOLEMY: Geocentricism  NICOLAUS COPERNICUS ( ): Heliocentrisim  TYCHO BRAHE ( ): More accurate position of planets  JOHANNES KEPLER, ( ): Elliptical planetary movement

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION NEW DIRECTIONS IN ASTRONOMY & PHYSICS  GALILEO GALILEI ( )  Constructed first telescope  Described motion of bodies on earth

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION NEW DIRECTIONS IN ASTRONOMY & PHYSICS  ISAAC NEWTON ( )  Universal Gravitation: combined laws of planetary & earth motion  Numerous practical applications

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION DISCOVERIES IN OTHER SCIENCES  Botany: new medical applications  Anatomy: better understand of how human body worked  Microscope invented

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT  FRANCIS BACON ( )  Inductive reasoning: working from particular to general conclusions  Empiricism & scientific method

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT  RENÉ DESCARTES ( )  Geometry: any algebraic formula could be plotted as curve in space  Cartesian Dualism: division of reality into “thinking substance” & “extended substance”  Deductive Reasoning: starting with general assumptions & working downward

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION POLITICAL THOUGHT  THOMAS HOBBES ( )  Negative, mechanistic view of human nature  Strong sovereign necessary to control conflicting desires Hobbe’s Leviathan

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION POLITICAL THOUGHT  JOHN LOCKE ( )  TABULA RASA: humans born with blank slate  Government & public enter contract

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