Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. The Making of Western Europe Chapter 6

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People A. The Great Migrations  Germans  Goths 1. Huns and Germanic Peoples  Attilla, the “scourge of God”

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. Map 6.1 Invasions, Fourth through Sixth Centuries

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People A. The Great Migrations 2. Visigoths  Valens  Adrianople  Sack of Rome  Franks

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People A. The Great Migrations 3. Vandals and Burgundians 4. Ostrogoths  Valentinian III  Odoacer  Theodoric

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People A. The Great Migrations 5. Germanic Tribes in Gaul  Alemanni  Franks  Merovech 6. Anglo-Saxons in Britain  Angles, Saxons, Jutes  Britons  Arthur

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People A. The Great Migrations 7. The Early Slavs  West Slavs  Poles, Czechs, Slovaks  South Slavs  Serbs, Croatians, Bulgarians, Macedonians  East Slavs  Russians, Ukrainians, Belarussians

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People B. Germanic Society 1. Social Structure  Patriarch  Kindreds 2. Economy 3. Comitatus or Warrior Bands

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People B. Germanic Society 4. Law and Procedures  Large councils/assemblies  Feuds  Wergeld

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People B. Germanic Society 5. The Literary Legacy of Germanic Poetry  Oral transmission  Beowulf  Hrothgar  Grendel

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People B. Germanic Society 6. Religion and Superstition  Pessimism  Superstition  Woden/Odin  Friia/Frig  Ti/Tyr

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. I. The New Community of People C. Germans and Romans 1. Changes Following Settlement  Nucleated villages  Vernacular languages 2. Christianity and the Tribes  Ulfila  Arian Christianity  Clovis  Roman Christianity

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures A. The Early Byzantine Empire 1. Capital at Constantinople 2. Abandonment of the West

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures B. Justinian the Great (r ) of Byzantium 1. Justinian and Theodora  Procopius  On the Wars  On Buildings  The Secret History  Nike Revolt

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures B. Justinian the Great (r ) of Byzantium 2. Reconquest of the West  Spain  Italy  Sicily  North Africa

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. Map 6.2 Europe in the Age of Justinian

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures B. Justinian the Great (r ) of Byzantium 3. Codex Justinianus  Corpus Iuris Civilis  Codex  Digest, or Pandects  Institutes  Novellae

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures B. Justinian the Great (r ) of Byzantium 4. Hagia Sophia 5. Historical Assessment of the Reign

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures C. The Frankish Kingdom 1. Unification under Clovis  Political unification of most of Gaul  Conversion to Roman Christianity 2. The Later Merovingians  Partible inheritance  Mayor of the palace  Pepin of Heristal

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures C. The Frankish Kingdom 3. Charles Martel  Charles “The Hammer”  Tours  Stirrup 4. Pepin the Short  Pope Stephen  Patrimony of St. Peter

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures D. Kingship in Italy and Spain 1. Theodoric and the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy  Concessions to Goths  Religious policies  Ravenna 2. Lombards 3. Visigothic Kingdom  Leovigild  Reccared

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures E. Anglo-Saxon England  The Wanderer and The Seafarer  Heptarchy  Northumbria  Mercia  East Anglia  Essex  Sussex  Kent  Wessex

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. II. The New Political Structures E. Anglo-Saxon England  Monastery at Wearmouth–Jarrow  Bede the Venerable

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. III. The New Economy A. Agricultural Innovations 1. The Heavy-Wheeled Plow 2. Efficient Use of Horses  Horse collar  Harness  Horse shoe 3. The Three-Field System  Crop rotation  Fallow

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. Map 6.3 Anglo-Saxon England

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. III. The New Economy A. Agricultural Innovations 4. Peasant Life B. Trade and Manufacture 1. Trade and Commerce  Frisians 2. Towns and Production

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. IV. The Expansion of the Church A. Origins of the Papacy 1. Doctrine of Petrine Succession  Peter 2. Growth of Papal Primacy  Leo I 3. Gregory the Great  Truce with Lombards  Missionary efforts

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. IV. The Expansion of the Church B. Monasticism  St. Anthony  Simon Stylites  Jerome  St. Basil and Basilian Order 1. Benedict and the Benedictine Rule  Monte Cassino  Abbot

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. IV. The Expansion of the Church B. Monasticism 2. Early Nunneries  St. Scholastica  Hilda of Whitby 3. Relationship of Monasteries to Lay Society 4. Education and Preservation of Learning  Scriptoria  Illuminated manuscripts

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. IV. The Expansion of the Church B. Monasticism 5. The Appeal of the Ascetic Life C. Missionaries and Popular Religion  St. Patrick  Irish monks  Lindisfarne and Whitby  Book of Kells  Lindisfarne Gospel

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. IV. The Expansion of the Church B. Monasticism 5. The Appeal of the Ascetic Life C. Missionaries and Popular Religion 1. Benedictines as Missionaries  Augustine of Canterbury  Bertha 2. Council of Whitby 3. The Role of Miracles

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. IV. The Expansion of the Church D. The Church and Classical Learning 1. Preservation of Classical Texts  Cassiodorus, Introduction to Divine and Human Readings  Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy  Isidore, Etymologies

Copyright © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Permission Required for Reproduction or Display. IV. The Expansion of the Church D. The Church and Classical Learning 2. Christian Writings  Exegeses  Gregory, Dialogues  Bede, Ecclesiastical History of the English People