1 Elements Elements and Symbols

LecturePLUS Timberlake2 Elements Pure substances that cannot be separated into different substances by ordinary processes Are the building blocks of matter More than 112 elements known today Examples: carbon gold calcium

LecturePLUS Timberlake3 Symbols of Elements Use 1 or 2 letter abbreviations Capitalize the first letter only Examples: C carbon Cocobalt N nitrogenCacalcium F fluorine Br bromine O oxygen Mg magnesium

LecturePLUS Timberlake4 Symbols from Latin Names ElementSymbolLatin name CopperCucuprum GoldAuaurum LeadPbplumbum MercuryHghydrargyrum PotassiumKkalium SilverAgargentum SodiumNanatrium TinSnstannum

LecturePLUS Timberlake5 % Major Elements in the Body O65.0 %K 0.34 C18.0S 0.26 H10.0Na 0.14 N 3.0Cl 0.14 Ca 1.4Fe P 1.0 Zn Mg 0.50 Trace Elements As, Cr, Co, Cu, F, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Si, V

LecturePLUS Timberlake6 Learning Check Select the correct symbol for each: A. Calcium 1) C2) Ca3) CA B. Sulfur 1) S2) Sl3) Su C. Iron 1) Ir2) FE3) Fe

LecturePLUS Timberlake7 Solution Select the correct symbol for each: A. Calcium 2) Ca B. Sulfur 1) S C. Iron 3) Fe

LecturePLUS Timberlake8 Learning Check Select the correct name for each: A. N 1) neon2) nitrogen 3) nickel B. P 1) potassium2) phogiston 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver2) agean3) gold

LecturePLUS Timberlake9 Solution Select the correct name for each: A. N 2) nitrogen B. P 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver

LecturePLUS Timberlake10 Periodic Table The periodic table is an arrangement of the elements according to similarities in their chemical and physical properties.

LecturePLUS Timberlake11 Physical Properties The characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance. Color Size Shape Density Freezing and Boiling Points Odor

LecturePLUS Timberlake12 Groups of Elements Vertical columns on the periodic table Similar physical properties Similar chemical properties

LecturePLUS Timberlake13 Groups on the Periodic Table

LecturePLUS Timberlake14 Representative Groups Group 1Alkali Metals Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals Group 7 Halogens Group 8Noble Gases

LecturePLUS Timberlake15 Location of Some Groups A l m k e a t l a i l s AlkalineAlkaline HalogensHalogens I G n a e s r e t s

LecturePLUS Timberlake16 Periods on the Periodic Table Horizontal rows from Group 1 to Group 8. Numbered 1, 2, 3, …. Include representative elements and transition elements

LecturePLUS Timberlake17 Periods on the Periodic Table

LecturePLUS Timberlake18 Learning Check A. Element in Group 17 (7), Period 4 1) Br2) Cl3) Mn B. Element in Group 2, Period 3 1) beryllium2) magnesium 3) boron

LecturePLUS Timberlake19 Solution A. Element in Group 17, period 4 1) Br B. Element in Group 2, Period 3 2) magnesium

LecturePLUS Timberlake20 Metals and Nonmetals Metals Located to the left of the heavy line Shiny, ductile Good conductors of heat and electricity Nonmetals Located to the right of the heavy line Dull and brittle Poor conductors, good insulators

LecturePLUS Timberlake21 Metals and Nonmetals NONMETALS METALS Transition metals

LecturePLUS Timberlake22 Learning Check Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each: A. sulfur____ B. chlorine____ C. sodium____ D. iron____ E. carbon____ F. silver____

LecturePLUS Timberlake23 Solution Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each: A. sulfur2 B. chlorine2 C. sodium1 D. iron1 E. carbon2 F. silver1