Persuasive Speaking

The process of influencing attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors

Influencing attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of your audience  Attitudes are evaluations of people, objects, ideas, and events  Beliefs are how people perceive reality  Behavior is how people act or function

 Your topic…  Should be somewhat controversial  Must allow you to develop a message to bring about change in the audience

 Your thesis...  Is stated as a proposition  Proposition of Fact What is or is not  Proposition of Value Value judgment about what something is worth  Propositions of Policy Claims about a course of action to be taken

 Understanding your audience’s disposition  Receptive audience  Hostile audience  Neutral audience

 Understanding your audience’s needs

 Understanding what is relevant to your audience Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)  Central processing  Peripheral processing

 Forms of rhetorical proof  Ethos  Logos  Pathos

 Ethos  Moral Character  Credibility  Character  Trustworthiness  Goodwill

 Logos Reasoning  Inductive reasoning  Deductive reasoning

 Pathos  Appeals to listeners’ emotions  Should be combined with logical appeals for lasting effect

 Avoiding logical fallacies  Bandwagon fallacy  Reduction to the absurd  Red herring fallacy  Personal attacks  Begging the question  Either-or fallacy  Appeal to tradition  The slippery slope fallacy

 Problem-Solution Pattern  Refutational Organizational Pattern  Comparative Advantage Pattern  Monroe’s Motivated Sequence  Attention  Need  Satisfaction  Visualization  Action