Logical Fallacies Protect yourself!. A “Fallacy” is an error in reasoning. Sometimes it’s an honest mistake, but sometimes people use fallacies to try.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Understanding Logical Fallacies
Advertisements

Fallacies What are they?. Definition There are over 100 fallacies They are illogical statements that demonstrate erroneous reasoning (sometimes intended-manipulation/
Logical Fallacies AKA “How NOT to Win an Argument”
TODAY’S GOALS Learn advanced strategies for addressing counterarguments Finalize preparations for the class debate.
Using Persuasive Technique and Avoiding Fallacy Mrs. Gatz English 9.
Ch. 13 & 14 Informative Speaking and Persuasive Speaking
 Read the following argument. Examine it closely. Do you think it is logically sound? Why?  [T]he acceptance of abortion does not end with the killing.
Fallacies Information taken from Purdue OWL, Nancy Wood’s Perspectives on Argument and Annette Rottenberg’s Elements of Argument.
Game Plan Go over Speech to Virginia Convention HW Logical Fallacies Go over Colonialism Tests “Common Sense” – A pamphlet by T. Paine Class Starter: on.
Logical Fallacies A Brief Review. Argumentum ad hominem This is the error of attacking the character or motives of a person who has stated an idea, rather.
ASK QUESTIONS!!! During the next 45 – 90 minutes, I will present the main points of each chapter. Presented in terms of questions you should be able to.
Persuasion Principles of Speech Chapter What is Persuasion? How have you been persuaded today? Used in all aspects of life Both verbal and non-verbal.
Logical Fallacies. Syllogism (not a fallacy) A logical argument presented in terms of two statements and a conclusion which must be true if the two statements.
Fallacies (Errors in Logic). What is a Fallacy? A Fallacy is an argument that is flawed by its very nature or structure Be aware of your opponents using.
© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Art of Critical Reading Mather ● McCarthy 1 Part 4 Reading Critically Chapter 11 Analyzing.
Logical Fallacies.
Elements of Persuasion Ethos –An appeal to a person’s sense of ethics or morals focuses on credibility and good character. Ethos –An appeal to a person’s.
PERSUASION. “Everybody Hates Chris”
McGraw-Hill©Stephen E. Lucas 2001 All rights reserved. CHAPTER SIXTEEN Methods of Persuasion.
PERSUASION.
INFORMAL FALLACIES The aim of this tutorial is to help you learn to recognize and resist fallacious arguments.
Logic Fallacies Debate Class Production Spain Park High School
Fallacies in Reasoning
Logical Fallacies.
Chapter Two: Good Reasoning Review Applying Ethics: A Text with Readings (10 th ed.) Julie C. Van Camp, Jeffrey Olen, Vincent Barry Cengage Learning/Wadsworth.
TODAY’S GOALS Continue developing preparations for the class debate Learn advanced strategies for addressing counterarguments.
ASSIGNMENTS Draft 2 due by 5 p.m. today Study logical fallacies for Jeopardy on Wednesday. Pick out your 3-4 member team Keep working on your paper Exam.
Logical Fallacies 10/24/07. What is a fallacy? Fal*la*cy | ˈ faləsē| noun ( pl. -cies)  a mistaken belief, esp. one based on unsound argument : the notion.
LOGIC 2+2=4… right?. Logical Reasoning Statements formed from sound thinking and proof of reasoning.
Fallacy An error of reasoning based on faulty use of evidence or incorrect interpretation of facts.
Fallacies The quickest ways to lose arguments. Introduction to Logic O Argument: The assertion of a conclusion based on logical premises O Premise: Proposition.
LOGICAL FALLACIES.  What is a logical fallacy? A logical fallacy is a mistake made when arguing a claim or argument because the speaker/author has incorrectly.
Fallacious reasoning is “false thinking.” People use fallacious reasoning when they draw incorrect or false conclusions. Fallacious reasoning may be either.
Errors in Reasoning. Fallacies A Fallacy is “any error in reasoning that makes an argument fail to establish its conclusion.” There are two kinds of fallacies.
Argumentum Ad Hominem Attacking the person’s character or personal traits rather than the argument at hand Rejecting a claim based on the person defending.
Chapter Two: Good Reasoning Applying Ethics: A Text with Readings (10 th ed.) Julie C. Van Camp, Jeffrey Olen, Vincent Barry Cengage Learning/Wadsworth.
Logical Fallacies A logical fallacy is an element of an argument that is flawed If spotted one can essentially render an entire line of reasoning invalid.
All of these children are wrong.
Rhetorical Proofs and Fallacies Week 10 – Wednesday, October 28.
Rhetorical Fallacies Purdue OWL.
LOGICAL FALLACIES. Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc “After this, therefore because of this.”
Recap  The slippery slope fallacy  Starting out in one direction and carrying on ‘too far’ in that direction with sufficient evidence/argument.  ‘there.
Understanding Logical Fallacies NOTE: JUST BECAUSE THE WAY ONE ARRIVES AT A CONCLUSION IS FAULTY DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE CONCLUSION ITSELF IS FAULTY!
Rhetorical Fallacies A failure in reasoning that renders an argument invalid. Faulty reasoning, misleading or unsound argument.
The Art and Craft of Persuasion Based upon: Moser, Joyce, and Ann Watters, ed. Creating America: Reading and Writing Arguments, 3 rd Ed. New Jersey:Prentice.
Persuasive Speech Unit Logical Fallacies Fallacy: A mistake in an argument that automatically invalidates it.
A Journey into the Mind Logic and Debate Unit. Week 2: May 23 through May 26 The Fallacies SWBAT: Identify the common fallacies in logic in order to be.
Part 4 Reading Critically
Rhetorical Devices and Fallacies
Logical Fallacies.
Fallacies *and how to avoid them.
How to win friends and influence people by being a jerk.
Claim- writer’s position on a problem/issue
Propaganda and Logical Fallacies
Errors in Reasoning.
Logical fallacies.
More on Argument.
Logical Fallacies.
C/Maj Nicholas Schroder
Appeal to Force (Argumentum ad baculum)
Logical Fallacy Notes Comp. & Rhet. ENG 1010.
Errors in Reasoning.
Logical Fallacies List
Writing the Argumentative Essay
Beginning to 3:27. Beginning to 3:27 What is a logical fallacy?
More on Argument.
Fallacious Reasoning a.k.a. Fallacy.
Notes on Argument.
Logical fallacies.
Logical Fallacies English III.
Presentation transcript:

Logical Fallacies Protect yourself!

A “Fallacy” is an error in reasoning. Sometimes it’s an honest mistake, but sometimes people use fallacies to try to manipulate us. We can’t let this happen!

Examples of Logical Fallacies

Slippery Slope Fallacy Taking an argument to a ridiculous extreme in order to discredit it.

Ad Homenum Fallacy Attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.

Appeal to Tradition Arguing that something should be done a certain way because it’s always been done that way.

Appeal to Pity Appealing to emotions rather than facts.

Appeal to Improper Authority Using an expert to support your position who has little expertise in that area.

“Straw Man” Fallacy Attacking only the weakest position of your opponent.

Either-Or Fallacy Providing no middle ground to your position.

Post Hoc, Ergo Prompter Hoc Fallacy Making the mistake of believing that an event caused another event simply because it came before.