Chapter 5: Industrialization

Unit Essential Questions How did the Industrial Revolution change life for Americans? How did America become an industrial world leader?

A. The Rise of Industry 1. Four main factors which contributed to the success of industrialization a. Natural resources b. A large population to support market for new products = workforce c. Explosion of inventions d. Free Enterprise

2. Plenty of Natural Resources a. Coal, Iron ore, oil, timber b. stateside/inexpensive c. Drawbacks?

3. Black Gold Oil discovered in Texas Edward Drake develops easy system to drill for oil Main use Kerosene Gasoline not in demand until…

Henry Ford’s First Auto

Henry Ford’s Model T

Model A

4. Large Workforce Population triples 1860-1910 Large families, better standard of living Immigration: religious and political persecution in homelands Increases consumer goods

5. Inventions Promoting Change a.Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell Today’s AT&T

6. Electricity Thomas Edison: perfects the light bulb, NOT the inventor; phonograph and electric generator Both Edison and Westinghouse develop technique for transporting electricity

B. Impact of Technology Better food due to refrigeration; lasts longer Fabrics made in factories = Clothes standardized = no more sewing at home; same w/shoes Telegraph across Atlantic ocean = improved communication Scientific management- breaking down tasks into small parts; standardizing (snowman)

C. Free Enterprise Laissez-faire: gov’t does not interfere in economic decisions; protects private property Free market – supply and demand- and low taxes; competition/capitalism Entrepreneurs (businessman) increased; invested in U.S. industry Few taxes and regulation =increase economic growth Tariffs - fees imposed on imported goods; protect American business owners from…