Cell Organelles

Animal Cells  The following slide are organelles typically found in the animal cells

Cell Membrane  Cell Membrane- forms outer barrier to the cell  Function- provides protection and support for the cell and regulates movement of material into and out of cell  Cell Membrane- forms outer barrier to the cell  Function- provides protection and support for the cell and regulates movement of material into and out of cell

Cytoplasm  Cytoplasm- clear thick jelly like substance between the Cell Membrane  Function- allows materials to move within the cell  Cytoplasm- clear thick jelly like substance between the Cell Membrane  Function- allows materials to move within the cell

Mitochondria  Mitochondria-oval shaped with a wavy inner membrane  Function- (powerhouse) combines food substances like sugar and oxygen and produces energy and CO2 and H2O.  Mitochondria-oval shaped with a wavy inner membrane  Function- (powerhouse) combines food substances like sugar and oxygen and produces energy and CO2 and H2O.

Vacuoles  Vacuoles- not always found in an animal cell- substance filled sac in the cytoplasm  Function- vacuoles act as storage for both food and water as well as waste products.  Vacuoles- not always found in an animal cell- substance filled sac in the cytoplasm  Function- vacuoles act as storage for both food and water as well as waste products.

Lysosomes  Lysosomes- not always found in plant cell- small round structures involved with the digestive activities of the cell.  Function- contain enzymes that break down large food molecules into smaller ones.  Lysosomes- not always found in plant cell- small round structures involved with the digestive activities of the cell.  Function- contain enzymes that break down large food molecules into smaller ones.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)  Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-clear tubular passageways connected to the nuclear membrane  Function- transportation system of the cell, moves proteins to where they are needed.  Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-clear tubular passageways connected to the nuclear membrane  Function- transportation system of the cell, moves proteins to where they are needed.

Ribosomes  Ribosomes- very small bodies attached to the inner lining of the ER made primarily of the nucleic acid RNA.  Function- produce the proteins needed by the cell  Ribosomes- very small bodies attached to the inner lining of the ER made primarily of the nucleic acid RNA.  Function- produce the proteins needed by the cell

Nucleus  Nucleus- large oval shaped organelle in the cell  Function- regulates or controls all the activities of the cell  Nucleus- large oval shaped organelle in the cell  Function- regulates or controls all the activities of the cell

Parts of the Nucleus  Nuclear Membrane- very similar to the cell membrane regulates what moves into and out of the nucleus  Chromosomes- rodlike objects that contain all of a cells genetic material  Nucleolus- center within the nucleus believed to be where ribosomes are produced  Nuclear Membrane- very similar to the cell membrane regulates what moves into and out of the nucleus  Chromosomes- rodlike objects that contain all of a cells genetic material  Nucleolus- center within the nucleus believed to be where ribosomes are produced

Organelles Unique to Plants

Cell Wall  Cell Wall- strong and stiff outer layer of the plant cell. The cell wall is nonliving and is made of cellulose.  Function- protects and supports the cell, it enables trees to grow tall  Cell Wall- strong and stiff outer layer of the plant cell. The cell wall is nonliving and is made of cellulose.  Function- protects and supports the cell, it enables trees to grow tall

Large Central Vacuole  Large Central Vacuole- large water filled sac in plant cells  Function- in plants its main function is to store water, when the vacuole is low on water the cell becomes limp. When many cells become limp the plant will wilt.  Vacuole also store nutrients and waste products  Large Central Vacuole- large water filled sac in plant cells  Function- in plants its main function is to store water, when the vacuole is low on water the cell becomes limp. When many cells become limp the plant will wilt.  Vacuole also store nutrients and waste products

Chloroplast  Chloroplast- large green structures that float in the cytoplasm  Function- Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called chlorophyll, which captures energy from sunlight. That energy is then used to produce food. This is called photosynthesis.  Chloroplast- large green structures that float in the cytoplasm  Function- Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called chlorophyll, which captures energy from sunlight. That energy is then used to produce food. This is called photosynthesis.