Unit: The Russian Revolution Topic: Bolsheviks Take Over!

Long-Term Causes Czars oppress the people, don’t allow them to learn about the Enlightenment Czars oppress the people, don’t allow them to learn about the Enlightenment Poor conditions for the Russians Poor conditions for the Russians Socialism begins to circulate among the new working class (working class unites, overthrows factory owners) Socialism begins to circulate among the new working class (working class unites, overthrows factory owners) Revolution of 1905 – “Bloody Sunday” Revolution of 1905 – “Bloody Sunday” Creation of the Duma; Nicholas II doesn’t really pay attention to it Creation of the Duma; Nicholas II doesn’t really pay attention to it

Short-Term Causes Failure of the Russian troops at the Eastern Front and WWI = massive fuel and food shortages in Russia Failure of the Russian troops at the Eastern Front and WWI = massive fuel and food shortages in Russia March Revolution; soldiers refuse to fire upon fellow Russians stealing bread = loss of control of military and Russia alike March Revolution; soldiers refuse to fire upon fellow Russians stealing bread = loss of control of military and Russia alike Czar abdicates to avoid anarchy, assassination – Duma takes over temporarily – Socialists create the Bolshevik Party and Lenin now rules Russia! Czar abdicates to avoid anarchy, assassination – Duma takes over temporarily – Socialists create the Bolshevik Party and Lenin now rules Russia!

1. Goodbye, WWI! 1. Goodbye, WWI!

A. In November 1917, Lenin and the Bolsheviks led an uprising that overthrew the Duma and Alexander Kerensky; this was called the Bolshevik Revolution!

B. In March 1918, Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending WWI. C. It gave Germany a large amount of Russian land, but Lenin wanted to make peace at any cost.

2. Russia’s Civil War

A. From 1918 to 1921, Lenin’s Red Army battled the White Army (loyal to the Czar) for control of Russia.

B. The Communist party took over banks, mines, factories, and RRs.

C. Peasants were forced to deliver “surplus” food to the cities and work in factories.

D. These strategies were called “war communism.”

E. The Whites killed many Communists and tried to assassinate Lenin.

F. The Reds abducted and executed Czar Nicholas II and his entire family, ending the civil war for good.

The Romanovs were canonized on August 20, 2000 as saints in the Russian Orthodox faith, as victims of oppression in the Soviet Union. The Romanovs were canonized on August 20, 2000 as saints in the Russian Orthodox faith, as victims of oppression in the Soviet Union.

This is the "Church on the Blood," built on the spot where the royal family was murdered. This is the "Church on the Blood," built on the spot where the royal family was murdered.

G. By 1922, Lenin and the Communists had created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union), and the Communist Party was the ONLY political party.