© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Chapter 11 Environmental Safety

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Environmental Safety Identify and correct potential hazards Health care workers must understand and follow policies and procedures OSHA

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Health Care Hazards Chemical Environmental Ergonomic Infectious Physical Psychosocial Workplace violence

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question Inadequate equipment maintenance is what type of hazard? A.Chemical B.Infectious C.Environmental

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer C. Environmental Environmental hazards –Unsafe conditions in workplace E.g., inadequate maintenance of equipment

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer C. Environmental Chemical hazards –May have toxic effects through inhalation, absorption, ingestion, or skin contact Infectious hazards –May cause infection

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Safety Guidelines Focus on prevention Move safely Dress for safety Work safely with patients Protect self and others Report for safety

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Increased Risk with Physical and Mental Changes Changes in vision Changes in hearing Altered neurological function Changes in blood vessels (continued)

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Increased Risk with Physical and Mental Changes Slowed reflexes Changes in mental function Weakness from illness or injury Taking of medications

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question Which of the following is the best approach when asked to perform a procedure on a patient that you are not trained to do? A.Do the best you can B.Have someone explain it to you C.Do not agree to do it

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer C. Do not agree to do it Do not perform any procedure on patients until having received adequate training

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Workplace Violence Health care worker risk –Offensive or threatening language –Psychological trauma –Actual injuries –Homicide –Can result in negative organizational outcomes

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question A patient is very upset about the care she received. She begins to escalate in volume and curse at you. What should you do? A.Take her to a private area to avoid disturbing others B.Acknowledge her feelings C.Tell her to calm down, or you will call security

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer B. Acknowledge her feelings When confronted with angry patients, acknowledge feelings and avoid getting defensive or matching hostility

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer B. Acknowledge her feelings Avoid isolating yourself with potentially violent people by taking them to a private location Avoid giving orders and threatening them with security

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Prevent or Decrease Violence Environmental designs Administrative controls Behavior modification

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Fire and Electrical Hazards Fire requires oxygen, item that will burn, and source of heat Know location of fire alarms and extinguishers Know emergency evacuation routes

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Fire Triangle

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Fire Procedures RACE –Remove patients –Activate alarm –Contain the fire –Extinguish the fire or Evacuate the area

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Fire Extinguisher Usage PASS –Pull the pin –Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire –Squeeze the handle –Sweep back and forth along the base of the fire

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Four Types of Fires Class A –Ordinary combustibles Class B –Flammable and combustible liquids (continued)

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Four Types of Fires Class C –Electrical fires Class D –Burning metals

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question True or False: –RACE is an acronym for putting out a fire with a fire extinguisher.

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer False PASS –Acronym for putting out fire with fire extinguisher RACE –Acronym for what to do when you discover fire

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Video Click Here to Play The Fire Safety Video

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Chemical Hazards Numerous chemicals used in health care Labeling and compatibility Avoid contact Wear PPE Follow material safety data sheet (MSDS) Clean up and treatment

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Radiation Hazards X-rays and radiation therapy Monitoring radiation exposure Safety guidelines Disposal of radioactive waste

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Infectious Waste Any item or product with potential to transmit disease Follow policies and procedures Report accidental exposures

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Oxygen Precautions Post sign “Oxygen in Use” Avoid all sources for sparks Never use flammable liquids Secure oxygen tank Do not smoke Do not use wool or synthetics

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question Which of the following is the best first step if a chemical comes in contact with the skin? A.Rinse under cool water for at least 5 minutes B.Immediately go to the emergency room C.Cover the area with antibiotic ointment and dressing

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer A. Rinse under cool water for at least 5 minutes First step to take when chemical comes in contact with skin: –Immediately rinse under cool water for at least 5 minutes

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Bioterrorism Extends back in history to earliest human records Biological exposure readiness plan (continued)

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Bioterrorism Most likely weapons: –Anthrax –Smallpox –Botulism –Plague

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Emergency Disaster Plan Follow OSHA requirements Follow policies and procedures Remain calm

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Triage System Guidelines to assess patients’ conditions –Determine where they should be sent –Determine what treatment they should receive Used during disasters Used daily in emergency rooms