Introduction to Public Speaking UNIT ONE: Introduction to Public Speaking

Today... Objective: To compare and contrast public speaking and conversation

Think-Pair-Share How are conversation and public speaking alike? How are they alike? Brainstorm and organize your ideas in the Venn Diagram in your packet.

Similarities Both require you to: 1. Organize your thoughts logically 2. Tailor your message to your audience. 3. Tell a story for maximum impact. 4. Adapt to listener feedback.

Differences 1. Public speaking is more highly structured. 2. Public speaking requires more formal language. 3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery.

Apply With this in mind, what will you plan to do in your speeches throughout the course?

Developing Confidence

Objective: To identify strategies that will help us build our confidence as public speakers

Why are so many people deathly afraid to speak in public? Question: Why are so many people deathly afraid to speak in public?

Top Ten Fears 10. Commitment

9. Spiders

8. Rejection

7. Failure

6. Death

5. Intimacy

4.The Dark

3. Heights

2. Public Speaking

1. Flying

Public Speaking Anxiety Thought Patterns/Ways to Change Ways to Manage/Cope with Public Speaking Anxiety Homework: Develop a list of tips for yourself. Explain why you decided this is an important thing to keep in mind throughout this course.

Oral Communication skills

Posture/Body Language Emphasis/ Inflection Diction Skill Effective Ineffective Volume Clear, confident, appropriate volume Tentative (shy), quiet, incoherent; difficult to hear or understand Pace Consistently steady pace; no hesitation/minimal hesitation Speaking too quickly, too slowly, hinders comprehension Eye Contact Consistent/regular eye contact Rare eye contact/no eye contact; facing powerpoint or reading directly from notes without looking up Posture/Body Language NODS (Neutral, Open, Defined Strong); Use of space Slouched/poor posture; “closed” off Emphasis/ Inflection Vocal Variety used to emphasize important points/arguments Monotone Diction Mature, precise language Verbal fillers (Umm, like, ya know)

Impromptu Speeches An impromptu speech is a speech that you deliver with little or no preparation. For our purposes, these impromptu speeches will be 1-2 min. Skill Focus for each speech. Please submit the rubric to Mrs. Wells when you head to the front to deliver your speech. (This rubric is based on the Senior Exhibition Rubric which is also in this packet on the last page).

Ethics and Public Speaking

Objective: To understand ethics and how they apply to public speaking Question: Define ethics. How do you think they may be relevant in a public speaking course?

Ethics are guided by… Your Values Your Conscience Your Sense of Right and Wrong

Guidelines for Ethical Speaking

1. Make sure your goals are ethically sound What are you trying to accomplish through your speech? Big Tobacco Hitler

2. Be fully prepared for each speech. Obligation to audience and yourself. Be fully informed on subject; RESEARCH

3. Be Honest in What You Say. Do not: Make up statistics Use a quote out of context Portray a few details as the whole story

2.Avoid Name-Calling and Abusive Language Shoot for being politically correct. Don’t damage your credibility

1. Put ethical principles into practice. Easy to talk about doing the right thing; following through on your word is not always so easy…

What is Plagiarism? Latin “Plagiarius” for “kidnapper” To present another person’s language or ideas as you own Story (Joe Biden)—page 38 in book

Global Plagiarism Stealing an entire speech (or paper) from another source and passing it off as your own. Buying papers online qualifies as global plagiarism. Most deceptive, blatant, and unforgivable kind!

Patchwork Plagiarism Stealing from a few sources and piecing it together into one paper/speech.

Incremental Plagiarism Occurs when the speaker fails to give credit for particular parts—or increments– of the speech or paper that are borrowed from other people.

Avoiding Plagiarism Give credit for directly quoted information! Say: “According to the Center for Disease Control….” Say “Martin Luther Kind once said….” Say “Dr. Stephen Lewis purports that …”

Avoiding Plagiarism Give Credit for Paraphrased Information Paraphrase: Summarized info. State where you obtained any information, even if you’ve put it into your own words.

Four Types of Listening Type of Listening Def/Example Appreciative Listening Listen for enjoyment; music, comedy, entertaining speech Empathic Listening Listen to provide emotional support; psychiatrist or friend listening to our problems and offering guidance Comprehensive Listening Listen to understand a speaker’s message; listening to a teacher’s lecture, listen to directions Critical Listening Listening to evaluate a message for the purpose of accepting or rejecting it; listening to a sales pitch or campaign speech

Causes of Poor Listening Not concentrating Listening too hard Jumping to conclusions (putting words into a speaker’s mouth) Focusing on delivery and personal appearance