How To Name Chemical Formulas Supplemental to Chapter 20

Binary Compounds Binary Compounds are ionic bonds between one metal (+) and one nonmetal (-). When you name binary ionic compounds, you always mention the cation (+ ion) first (usually the metal). When you name the second ion (the – anion), you will change the ending to “ide”

Common Binary Anions Oxygen oxide Phosphorus phosphide Nitrogen nitride Sulfur sulfide Chlorine chloride

Name These Binary Compounds RbCl = NaF = CuO = AlN= K2S = NaCl =

Name These Binary Compounds RbCl = Rubidium Chloride NaF = Sodium Fluoride CuO = Copper Oxide AlN= Aluminum Nitride K2S = Potassium Sulfide NaCl = Sodium Chloride

Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ions are a group of ions (2+ elements) that are covalently bonded together. You would say the first element as is. You would then say the rest of the bonded polyatomic ions after the first element, using their specific endings.

Polyatomic Ion Endings Ammonium NH4 Acetate C2H3O2 Chlorate CIO3 Hydroxide OH Nitrate NO3 Carbonate CO3 Sulfite SO3 Sulfate SO4 Phosphate PO4 Peroxide O2

Naming Polyatomic Ions HSO4 - NaNO3 - Ba(OH)2 - KNO3 - CaCO3 - CuSO3 – CaSO4 – HO2 - (notice the different endings of the last two polyatomic ions.)

Naming Polyatomic Ions HSO4 - Hydrogen Sulfate NaNO3 - Sodium Nitrate Ba(OH)2 - Barium hydroxide KNO3 - potassium nitrate CaCO3 - calcium carbonate CuSO3 – copper sulfite CaSO4 – calcium sulfate HO2 – hydrogen peroxide

Prefixes for Covalent Compounds The prefixes indicate how many atoms of each element are in a binary covalent compound. These occur when 2 nonmetals covalently bond.

Prefixes for Covalent Compounds Mono = 1 Di = 2 Tri = 3 Tetra = 4 Penta = 5 Hexa = 6 Hepta = 7 Octa = 8

How to Say Covalent Compounds P2O5 - this is named diphosphorus pentoxide, because there are two phosphorus atoms and five oxygen atoms.   CO - this is carbon monoxide (you need the "mono-" because there's only one oxygen atom). CF4 - this is carbon tetrafluoride,