Types of Reactions

Mass of a chemical reaction activity Purpose: Does the mass change during a chemical reaction? Procedure: Put 0.5 cm of CuSO4 into the beaker. Pour 2 cm of NaOH into the test tube. Place the test tube into the beaker, and measure the total mass of your reaction setup. Remove the beaker from the balance. Slowly pour the test tube into the beaker. Don’t lose any drops. Put the test tube back into the beaker. Measure and record the mass.

Questions: 1.When the solutions were mixed how did you know a chemical reaction occurred? 1.Did the mass of the glassware affect the results of the experiment? 1.What did you notice, about the mass before, vs. the mass after? 1.Here’s the reaction: CuSO 4 + NaOH → Cu(OH) 2 + Na 2 SO 4 1.what do you notice about the types of atoms on either side.

Law of Conservation of Mass During a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products. Atoms are not created nor destroyed.

Law of Conservation of Mass Reactants: chemical present at the start of a chemical reaction Products: A chemical produced during a chemical reaction

Types of Chemical Reactions Atoms and molecules react to create chemical reactions. There are thousands of different chemical reactions, where atoms are never lost, just rearranged. H 2 O → H 2 + O 2 SiO 2 + HF → SiF 4 + H 2 O Pb + H 3 PO 4 → H 2 + Pb 3 (PO 4 ) 2 Cu + HCl → H 2 + CuCl 2 DO NOT COPY

Types of Chemical Reactions 4 Major Types (Patterns) –Synthesis –Decomposition –Single Displacement –Double Displacement

1. Synthesis Two reactants combine to make a new substance. X + Y → XY ie. Na + Cl 2 → NaCl (When 2 become 1.)

Synthesis To m Kati e Tomkat

Synthesis Rxn Real Life: Table Salt

2. Decomposition One substance breaks apart into 2 substances. XY → X + Y ie. H 2 O 2 → H 2 O + O 2 (Breakin’ Down)

Decomposition TomKatieTomkat

Decomposition Demo: Peroxide Elephant toothpaste Experiment

Decomposition Rxn Real Life: Ammonium Nitrate (Fertilizer) Carbonic acid (Pop Fizz)

Is each reaction synthesis or decomposition? 1.Ag 2 CO 3 → Ag 2 O + CO 2 1.P 4 + O 2  P 4 O 10 1.Fe + O 2  Fe 2 O 3 1.KClO 3 → KCl + O 2 Decomposition Synthesis Decomposition Synthesis

Decomposition

3. Single Displacement One element takes the place (displaces) of another element in a compound. Like stealing a dance partner. A + BX → AX + B ie. HCl + Zn → H 2 + ZnCl 2

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Single Displacement Rxn Real Life: 2AgNO 3(aq) + Cu (s) → Cu(NO 3 ) 2(aq) + 2Ag (s)

4. Double Displacement Cations of two compounds exchange places to form 2 new compounds. Like switching dance partners. AB + CD → AD + CB ie. NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H 2 O

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Try Some. Is it single displacement (SD) or double displacement (DD)? 1.NaBr + Ca(OH) 2 → CaBr 2 + NaOH 1.Pb + H 3 PO 4 → H 2 + Pb 3 (PO 4 ) 2 1.Li 3 N + NH 4 NO 3 → LiNO 3 + (NH 4 ) 3 N 1.CuSO 4 + Al → Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 + Cu DD SD DD

Putting it all together: Which Type of Reactions are the following: a) H 2 O → H 2 + O 2 b) SiO 2 + HF → SiF 4 + H 2 O c) H 2 + O 2 → H 2 O d) Cu + HCl → H 2 + CuCl 2 Single Displacement Double Displacement Synthesis Decomposition

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